Resumo

DE ARMAS, Alicia; PASTORINO, Mauricio; IVANIUK, Irina  e  LEJBUSIEWICZ, Gladys. Valoración de la incidencia de complicaciones intra y postoperatorias de cirugía otorrinolaringológica en pacientes pediátricos . Anest Analg Reanim [online]. 2001, vol.17, n.1, pp.5-12. ISSN 1688-1273.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of intra and postoperative complications of pediatric patients whom underwent the following operations: tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, adenotonsillectomy, both procedures and transtimpanic tube and tonsillectomy with transtimpanic tube. It is a prospective study of 50 patients (23 girls and 27 boys), from 3 to 14 years old, ASA I and II. They were anesthetized with the same schedule: inhalation induction with sevofluorane and oxygen by mask or intravenous tiopental (5 mg/kg), all received 0,01 mg/kg of atropine, and they were intubated with atracurium 0,6 mg/kg or alcuronium 0,3 mg/kg. The analgesia was administered with fentanyl 1 or 2 mg/kg and at the end of the operation they were given dipirone 20 mg/kg. The patients stayed at the recovery room 30 minutes and then discharged to the ward where they received ibuprofen 20 mg/kg orally. If they had pain , dipirone 30 mg/kg intravenous was administered and if they suffered from nausea or vomiting they received metoclopramide 0,15 mg/kg intravenously. One patient (2%) in the intraoperative period needed broncoespasm treatment and other one (2%) presented bleeding which required cavum packs. Among the others, five children (10%), had other minor complications. In the recovery room, two patients (4%) needed pain treatment and one patient (2%) suffered from headache, other one (2%) complaint about pain and vertigous. In the 6 to 12 hours postoperative period, 29 patients (58%) presented pain: 24 of them were operated on adenotonsillectomy and five from other patologies, this difference was statistically significant (p<0,05). Three (3) patients presented nausea and vomiting. At the 18 to 24 hours of the postoperative period, 17 patients (34%) required pain treatment, 14 of them were operated on adenotonsillectomy and three of other patologies, this diffeence was not statistically significant. Two patients (4%) presented vomiting and other one (2%) fever. One patient (2%) stayed more because of vomiting. The conclusion of our study was that two children (4%) suffered from major complications in the intraoperative period (bleeding and broncoespasm) which do not delay de discharge, and the most often complication in the inmediate postoperative period until the discharge was pain  

Palavras-chave : Adenotonsillectomy; Anesthesia; Complications.

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