1688-9304 1688-9304 S1688-93042025000201210 10.18861/cied.2025.16.2.4074 Chile Chile 00 00 2025 00 00 2025 16 2

2019 45 2 2 121-39 2019 23 2 2 211-30 2010 9 2 2 34-52 2012 13 4 4 403-30 2012 2020 59 2 2 45-65 2008 2004 2010 1 1 15-20 2015 29 6 6 749-65 2015 51 1 1 96-132 2010 2016 19-44 2017 2017 25 94 94 26-58 2016 8 3 3 2019 Chile 2008 2016 15-39 2011 19 2 2 2015 9 129-40 2009 2016 2023 2011 2016 52 5 5 754-92 2018 2016 18 107-34 2010 2011 23 1 1 141-54 FOCUS 2016 2010 13 13 42-61 2019 2020 22 33 33 15-30 2016 121-54 2016 2015 2015 2023 287-304 2013 41 4 4 527-40 2020 32 237-70 2023 7 4 4 3822-48 2020 5 1 1 15-25 2018 2012 48 3 3 424-67 2011 2009 2018 17 3 3 391-5 2008 2000 2008 44 4 4 529-61 2006 2017 55 1 1 103-26 2019 153-91 2023 4 3 3 2005 2018 42 1 1 1-33 2023 7 5 5 9796-805 Ministerio de Educación 2015 2017 10 3 3 2024 12 2 2 117-34 2011 48 1 1 63-80 2019 17 2 2 2012 10 1 1 26-43 2006 4 4 4 11-24 OECD 2014 2013 2020 8 2 2 2020 6 1 1 39-46 2009 2024 17 1 1 2015 29 6 6 766-89 2018 48 48 17-49 2007 2011 2016 45-80 2017 119 8 8 1-44 2014 17-28 2021 29 29 153 2023 2 532 532 2020 19 1 1 83-103 2019 27 27 139-58 2017 3 1 1 85-99 2012 2015 5 2 2 277-94 2020 14 2 2 213-27 2023 44 2022 15 1-26 2024 32 122 122 1-24 2023 17 2 2 21-36 2015 22 69 69 63-84 2009 117 123-47 2012 55-79 2019 51 51 15-52 2018 2021 7 2 2 27-36