<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-9304</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación Educativa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cuad. Investig. Educ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-9304</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Educación Universidad ORT Uruguay]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-93042023000301202</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18861/cied.2023.14.2.3357</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Study of the evolution of (cyber)bullying in times of the COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estudio de la evolución del (cyber) bullying en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Estudo da evolução do (cyber)bullying em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lobato Carvajal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Superior de Psicología y Educación  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-93042023000301202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-93042023000301202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-93042023000301202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Cyberbullying and bullying are interrelated phenomena that occur in our schools, which are understood as intentional acts repeated over time and with an imbalance of power to harm one or more people to another, through digital media (cyberbullying) or face-to-face (bullying), with negative consequences for those who suffer. The pandemic and lockdowns have seen an increase in cases of bullying in the form of cyberbullying. In addition, the study of bullying is not understood without one of its most frequent forms, such as digital bullying. The present study aims to present the data obtained from the overview of bullying behaviors in a group-classroom before the pandemic and after a period of confinement to show the changes between one scenario and the other classroom before the pandemic and later after a period of confinement to show the changes originated between one scenario and the other, to investigate the factors that determine how they interrelate in a new reality and to check the extrapolation of some forms of bullying towards others that show an evolution from bullying towards cyberbullying that is amplified by occurring in the available space in which the students are articulated during the confinement without classroom attendance.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El cyberbullying y el bullying son fenómenos interrelacionados que se dan en nuestros centros escolares, que se entienden como los actos intencionales, repetidos en el tiempo y con desequilibrio de poder para hacer daño de una o varias personas a otra, a través de medios digitales (cyberbullying) o cara a cara (bullying), con consecuencias negativas para quien las sufre. La pandemia y los confinamientos han constatado un aumento de los casos de acoso escolar en forma de cyberbullying. Además, el estudio del acoso escolar no se entiende sin una de sus formas más frecuentes, como es el acoso digital. En el presente estudio se pretende presentar los datos obtenidos de la panorámica de conductas de acoso escolar en un grupo-aula antes de la pandemia y posteriormente, tras un periodo de confinamiento. Se busca mostrar los cambios originados entre un escenario y otro, indagando en los factores que determinan las formas en las que se interrelacionan en una nueva realidad. A su vez, comprobar la extrapolación de unas formas de acoso escolar hacia otras que muestran una evolución desde el bullying más convencional, cara a cara o presencial hacia el cyberbullying, que se amplifica por darse en el espacio disponible donde los estudiantes se articulan durante el confinamiento sin asistencia presencial a las aulas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Cyberbullying e bullying são fenômenos inter-relacionados que ocorrem em nossas escolas, os quais são entendidos como atos intencionais, repetidos ao longo do tempo e com desequilíbrio de poder para prejudicar uma ou mais pessoas a outra, por meio de mídias digitais (cyberbullying) ou presenciais (bullying), com consequências negativas para quem as sofre. A pandemia e os confinamentos viram um aumento nos casos de bullying na forma de cyberbullying. Além disso, o estudo do bullying não é compreendido sem uma de suas formas mais frequentes, como o bullying digital. O presente estudo tem como objetivo apresentar os dados obtidos a partir do panorama dos comportamentos de bullying em uma sala-grupo antes da pandemia e após um período de confinamento. Busca mostrar as mudanças originadas entre um cenário e outro, investigando os fatores que determinam as formas como eles se inter-relacionam em uma nova realidade. Por sua vez, verificar a extrapolação de algumas formas de bullying para outras que mostram uma evolução do bullying para o cyberbullying, que se amplia por ocorrer no espaço disponível em que os alunos se articulam durante o confinamento sem atendimento presencial nas salas de aula.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cyberbullying]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pandemic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[lockdown]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cuve3.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cyberbullying]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pandemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[confinamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cuve3]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cyberbullying]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pandemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[confinamento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Cuve3]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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