<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-4809</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Veterinaria (Montevideo)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Veterinaria (Montev.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-4809</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad de Medicina Veterinaria del Uruguay]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-48092024000201202</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29155/vet.60.222.4</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diagnóstico precoz de desórdenes respiratorios inflamatorios en caballos pura sangre de carrera a través del lavaje broncoalveolar]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Early diagnosis of inflammatory respiratory disorders in Thoroughbred racehorses through bronchoalveolar lavage]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Diagnóstico precoce de distúrbios respiratórios inflamatórios em cavalos Puro-Sangue Inglês de corrida por meio de lavado broncoalveolar]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hernán]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sophie]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felvinczi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Florencia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carluccio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gastón]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carzoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adrián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pessina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muriel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yaneselli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kevin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Veterinaria Unidad de Clínica y Cirugía en Equinos, Departamento de Clínicas y Hospital Veterinario]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Veterinaria Unidad de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Patobiología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Veterinaria Unidad de Imagenología y Análisis Clínicos y LEMA, Departamento de Clínicas y Hospital Veterinario]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de La Plata Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Cátedra Medicina Equina]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Plata, Buenos Aires ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>222</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-48092024000201202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-48092024000201202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-48092024000201202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Las alteraciones del aparato respiratorio tienen gran importancia ya que limitan el rendimiento deportivo. Esto trae como consecuencias grandes pérdidas económicas debido a la consecuente interrupción del entrenamiento, costos de tratamiento médico o incluso el retiro anticipado del caballo afectado. El lavaje broncoalveolar (BAL) permite la toma de muestras de las vías aéreas distales y se utiliza para el diagnóstico precoz de diversas patologías de las vías aéreas bajas en equinos. A pesar de que el BAL es una herramienta diagnóstica utilizada a nivel mundial, los reportes son escasos a nivel nacional. El objetivo de este estudio fue diagnosticar desórdenes respiratorios inflamatorios de manera precoz utilizando la técnica del BAL en caballos raza pura sangre de carrera activos y radicados en el Hipódromo Nacional de Maroñas. Se seleccionaron 12 equinos que presentaban alteraciones citológicas del BAL compatibles con patologías de las vías aéreas bajas. Se constató el diagnóstico de asma leve/moderado tanto en equinos sintomáticos como asintomáticos, hemorragia pulmonar inducida por el ejercicio (HPIE) en estadios subclínicos e inflamación inespecífica del pulmón. En suma, se pudo comprobar que el estudio citológico del BAL es una herramienta complementaria fundamental para el diagnóstico precoz de las vías aéreas bajas en equinos, especialmente en animales asintómaticos o con signología leve/moderada.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Alterations of the respiratory system are of great importance since they limit sporting performance. This results in great economic losses due to the consequent interruption of training, medical treatment costs or even the early retirement of the affected horse. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) allows sampling of the distal airways and is used for early diagnosis of various lower airway pathologies in equines. Although BAL is a diagnostic tool used worldwide, national reports are scarce. The objective of this study was to diagnose inflammatory respiratory disorders in an early manner using the BAL technique in active Thoroughbred horse race at the Maroñas National Racecourse. Twelve equines presenting BAL cytological alterations compatible with lower airway pathologies were selected. The diagnosis of mild/moderate asthma in both symptomatic and asymptomatic equines, exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) in subclinical stages and non-specific lung inflammation was found. In summary, it could be proved that the cytological study of BAL is a fundamental complementary tool for the early diagnosis of the lower airways in equines, especially in asymptomatic animals or with mild/moderate symptomatology.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: Os distúrbios respiratórios são de grande importância, pois limitam o desempenho esportivo. Isso resulta em grandes perdas econômicas devido à consequente interrupção do treinamento, custos de tratamento médico ou até mesmo a aposentadoria precoce do cavalo afetado. O lavado broncoalveolar (BAL) permite a coleta de amostras das vias aéreas distais e é usado para o diagnóstico precoce de várias patologias das vias aéreas inferiores em cavalos. Embora o BAL seja uma ferramenta de diagnóstico usada em todo o mundo, os relatórios nacionais são escassos. O objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar distúrbios respiratórios inflamatórios de forma precoce usando o BAL em cavalos Puro-Sangue Inglês de corrida ativos no Hipódromo Nacional de Maroñas. Foram selecionados 12 cavalos com alterações citológicas no BAL compatíveis com patologias das vias aéreas inferiores. Foi constatado o diagnóstico de asma leve/moderada em equinos sintomáticos e assintomáticos, hemorragia pulmonar induzida por exercício (EIPH) em estágios subclínicos e inflamação não específica do pulmão. Em resumo, foi demonstrado que a citologia do BAL é uma ferramenta complementar essencial para o diagnóstico precoce das vias aéreas inferiores em equinos, especialmente em animais assintomáticos ou com sintomas leves/moderados.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lavaje broncoalveolar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Equino]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Asma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hemorragia inducida por el ejercicio.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lavage bronchoalveolar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Equine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Asthma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Exercise-induced hemorrhage.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Lavagem broncoalveolar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Equino]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Asma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Hemorragia pulmonar induzida por exercício.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bullone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavoie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Science-in-brief: Equine asthma diagnosis: Beyond bronchoalveolar lavage cytology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Equine Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>263-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carluccio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felvinczi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de la República, Facultad de Veterinaria]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cytology of the lower respiratory tract in horses: An updated review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Equine Veterinary Education]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>544-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couëtil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavoie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Léguillette]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inflammatory airway disease of horses-revised consensus statement]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>503-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couëtil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leguillette]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bienzle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Swiderski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Equine asthma: Current understanding and future directions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Frontiers in Veterinary Science]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>450</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couëtil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hodgson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buechner-Maxwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavoie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inflammatory airway disease of horses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>356-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Depecker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couroucé-Malblanc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leleu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Genneviève]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pitel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of two cytological methods for detecting pulmonary haemorrhage in horses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Record]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>177</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>305</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Depecker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pitel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fortier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leleu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couroucé-Malblanc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in Standardbred racehorses: Influence of unilateral/bilateral profiles and cut-off values on lower airway disease diagnosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>199</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>150-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frezza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de La Plata]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de la República, Facultad de Veterinaria]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leclere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grimes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavoie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Investigation of blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of mild to moderate asthma in horses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1789-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honoré]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riihimaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pringle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ammentorp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fjeldborg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seasonal variation in tracheal mucous and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology for adult clinically healthy stabled horses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Equine Veterinary Science]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<page-range>1-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hermange]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Le Corre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bizon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couroucé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from both lungs in horses: Diagnostic reliability of cytology from pooled samples]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>244</volume>
<page-range>28-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bronchoalveolar lavage technique and cytological diagnosis of small airway inflammatory disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Equine Veterinary Education]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>330-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bronchoalveolar lavage: sampling technique and guidelines for cytologic preparation and interpretation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>423-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toquet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Depecker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couroucé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pronost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Asymmetrical pulmonary cytokine profiles are linked to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology of horses with mild airway neutrophilia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Frontiers in Veterinary Science]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>226</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hughes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malikides]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hodgson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hodgson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of tracheal aspirates and bronchoalveolar lavage in race-horses 1. Evaluation of cytological stains and the percentage of mast cells and eosinophils]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Australian Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>681-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ivester]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couëtil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An observational study of environmental exposures, airway cytology, and performance in racing thoroughbreds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1754-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vrins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beauchamp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavoie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of variations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in horses with recurrent airway obstruction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Journal of Veterinary Research]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>838-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kinnison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGilvray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couëtil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wylie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacigalupo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mild-moderate equine asthma: A scoping review of evidence supporting the consensus definition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>286</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laumen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doherr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship of horse owner assessed respiratory signs index to characteristics of recurrent airway obstruction in two Warmblood families]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Equine Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>142-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lessa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[dos Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lavado broncoalveolar em equinos: revisão de literatura. Parte 1: técnicas de coleta]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arquivos de Ciências Veterinárias e Zoologia da Unipar]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>213-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lessa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[dos Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lavado broncoalveolar em eqüinos: revisão de literatura. Parte 2: Achados citológicos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arquivos de Ciências Veterinárias e Zoologia da Unipar]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>31-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Uso del lavado broncoalveolar y aspirado transtraqueal en campo. Indicaciones y valor diagnóstico en problemas de vías respiratorias bajas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Complutense de Ciencias Veterinarias]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>83-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahalingam-Dhingra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bedenice]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bronchoalveolar lavage hemosiderosis in lightly active or sedentary horses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1243-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michelotto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lessa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M. da.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gawlowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. R. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The airway fluid analysis: methods and interpretation for the athletic horse]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Ciência Veterinária]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michelotto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muehlmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanatta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bieberbach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. W. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kryczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nishiyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pulmonary inflammation due to exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Thoroughbred colts during race training]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>190</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miskovic Feutz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couetil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adamec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raskin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Secretoglobin and transferrin expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of horses with chronic respiratory disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1692-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Depecker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pitel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.-H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couroucé-Malblanc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of bronchoalveolar lavage volume on cytological profiles and subsequent diagnosis of inflammatory airway disease in horses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>207</volume>
<page-range>193-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramseyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaillard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Straub]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boog]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of genetic and environmental factors on chronic lowerairway disease in horses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>149-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fortier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lekeux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Erck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Laboratory findings in respiratory fluids of the poorly-performing horse]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>185</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>115-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bedenice]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A longitudinal analysis of equine asthma presentation and response to treatment using lung function testing and bal cytology analysis in combination with owner perception]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animals (Basel)]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>3387</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rossi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Virtala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raekallio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahkonen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rajamäki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mykkänen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of tracheal wash and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology in 154 horses with and without respiratory signs in a referral hospital over 2009-2015]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Frontiers in Veterinary Science]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Secombe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lester]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robertson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cullimore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Retrospective survey of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology in Western Australian horses presented for evaluation of the respiratory tract: effect of season on relative cell percentages]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Australian Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>93</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>152-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boivin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bazin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavoie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neutrophil extracellular traps are downregulated by glucocorticosteroids in lungs in an equine model of asthma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Respiratory Research]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>207</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCandless]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olszewski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alveolar macrophage phenotypes in severe equine asthma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Veterinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>256</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
