<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-1249</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Pediatr. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-1249</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-12492017000600322</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31134/ap.88.6.4</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Osteomielitis por Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mycobacterium tuberculosis osteomyelitis]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casuriaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giachetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Federico]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina Clínica Pediátrica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Asociación Española  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina Clínica Pediátrica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Asociación Española  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>322</fpage>
<lpage>328</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-12492017000600322&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-12492017000600322&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-12492017000600322&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  en Uruguay se ha notificado un aumento en el número de casos de tuberculosis en niños con formas pulmonares y extrapulmonares. La infección osteoarticular representa 10%-15% de las formas extrapulmonares.  Objetivo:  alertar sobre una etiología poco habitual de osteomielitis cuya forma de presentación genera dificultades diagnósticas.  Caso clínico:  niña de 18 meses, previamente sana. Consulta por edema e impotencia funcional de tobillo derecho de tres meses de evolución, en apirexia. La radiografía muestra múltiples imágenes geódicas en el sector distal de la diáfisis con secuestro en peroné derecho. Se realiza punción ósea obteniéndose líquido serohemático. El cultivo de dicha muestra y el hemocultivo fueron negativos. Luego de recibir clindamicina 21 días más gentamicina 10 días por via intravenosa y dos limpiezas quirúrgicas, se otorga alta con cefuroxime acetil vía oral. El cultivo de la muestra ósea desarrolló Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Se inició tratamiento con isoniacida, rifampicina y piracinamida. No fue identificado el caso índice.  Discusión:  la presentación clínica de la tuberculosis ósea es generalmente insidiosa lo que generando dificultades y retraso en el diagnóstico. Sólo la biopsia permite confirmar el diagnóstico. La situación epidemiológica actual obliga a descartar posible etiología tuberculosa ante un proceso inflamatorio osteoarticular de evolución tórpida. El tratamiento oportuno y adecuado requiere alto índice de sospecha y realización sistemática de punción ósea y/o articular.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary  Introduction: in Uruguay, an increase in the number of cases of TB with pulmonary and extra-pulmonary involvement in children has been reported. Osteoarticular infections represent 10%-15% of extra-pulmonary involvement.  Objective: to warn about an uncommon etiology of osteomyelitis whose presentation results in diagnostic difficulties.  Clinical case:  18 month-old girl, previously healthy. Consultation was due to edema and right ankle functional insuficiency with three-month evolution, under apyrexia. X-ray imaging revealed multiple geodesic images in the distal portion of diaphysis, as well as a small sequestrum in right fibula. Through a bone puncture, serohematic fluid was extracted. Culture and hemoculture were negative. Treatment consisted of 21 days of intravenous clindamycin and 10 days of gentamicin. Two surgical debridements were performed. Progressive recovery followed. The child was discharged under cefuroxime axetil oral suspension and later a bone culture showed positive results for Mycobacterium TB. Treatment with isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide was started. Index case could not be identified.  Discussion: clinical presentation of bone tuberculosis is generally insidious. This explains difficulties and delays in diagnosis. It is remarkable that only biopsy allows the confirmation of diagnosis. The present epimediologic condition forces us to rule out possible TB etiology in the presence of an inflammatory osteoarticular process of lethargic evolution. Timely and accurate treatment requires a high degree of suspicion, as well as the performance of systematic bone and/or joint puncture.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Osteomielitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Osteomyelitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ergon]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
