<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-0390</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Médica del Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Méd. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-0390</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sindicato Médico del Uruguay]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-03902020000300112</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29193/rmu.36.3.5</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Lesiones gravísimas causadas por la actuación ilegítima y el terrorismo de Estado en Uruguay. Reporte de diez años de valoración médico-legal y psiquiátrica a las víctimas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Severe lesions caused by illegitimate acts and state terrorism in Uruguay. 10-year report of the medico-legal psychiatric assessment of victims]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Lesões gravíssimas causadas pela ação ilegítima e o terrorismo de Estado no Uruguai. Relato de dez anos de avaliação médico-legal e psiquiátrica das vítimas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Victoria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[da Trindade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Valeria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Almada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Educación y Cultura Comisión Especial creada por la ley Nº 18.596 ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>112</fpage>
<lpage>133</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-03902020000300112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-03902020000300112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-03902020000300112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El rol de la Medicina Legal en derechos humanos y acción forense humanitaria es cada vez más visible. La ley Nº 18.596 indemiza a quienes acrediten haber sufrido lesiones gravísimas por el accionar de agentes del Estado.  Objetivo:  contribuir al conocimiento público de la actuación ilegítima y el terrorismo de Estado en Uruguay (13/6/1968 y 28/2/1985) y del aporte de la Medicina Legal en materia de verdad, justicia, memoria, reparación y garantía de no repetición.  Material y método: se estudiaron las solicitudes de indemnización por lesiones gravísimas recibidas en los primeros diez años de vigencia de la ley.  Resultados y discusión:  de 166 peticiones, se admitieron 115. En el 95% fue requerido informe médico-legal o psiquiátrico, o ambos. Aunque fue dificultoso demostrar el nexo causal, en 55 casos se estableció un nexo con razonable grado de certeza. La edad media de las víctimas al momento de producirse las lesiones era de 26 años. La edad media al momento de la indemnización fue de 66 años. Las lesiones demostradas se corresponden con la referida en la bibliografía nacional y extranjera. Se destaca el hallazgo de una considerable presencia de trastornos psicóticos.  Conclusiones:  se indemnizaron 115 víctimas por lesiones gravísimas causadas en su amplia mayoría por prisión política prolongada y tortura. Se observó alta prevalencia de patologías osteoarticulares, trastornos por estrés postraumático crónico y depresión, pero también un alto número de psicosis crónicas. Los informes médico-legales fueron relevantes para demostrar las lesiones gravísimas y su nexo causal con el accionar de los agentes del Estado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary: The role of Legal Medicine in human rights, forensic science and humanitarian action is increasingly visible. Act 18,596 compensates those who prove to have experienced severe lesions by state agents.  Objective:  to contribute to public awareness of the illegitimate actions and state terrorism in Uruguay (June 13, 1968 to February 28, 1985) and the input of Legal Medicine in terms of truth, justice, memory, reparation and guarantees of non-repetition.  Method: the compensation requests for severe lesions received during the first 10 years the law was in force were studied.  Results and discussion: 115 out of 166 requests were admitted. In 95% of cases, a medico-legal and or psychological report was requested. Despite it being hard to prove the causal link, a link with a reasonable degree of certainty was found in 55 cases. Average age of victims at the time the lesions were caused was 26 years old. Average age at the time of compensation was 66 years old. Lesions proved match those referred to in the national and international bibliography. The study points out the finding of a considerable number of psychotic disorders.  Conclusions: 115 victims were compensated for severe lesions caused, in the wide majority of cases, by long imprisonment and torture. A high prevalence of osteoarticular diseases was observed, chronic post-traumatic stress disorders and depression, although a high number of chronic psychoses, too. Medico-legal reports were relevant to demonstrate severe lesions and the causal link with the action of state agents.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: O papel da Medicina Legal nos direitos humanos e ação forense humanitária é cada vez mais visível. A Lei Nº 18.596 indeniza aquelas pessoas que acreditem ter sofrido lesões gravíssimas causadas pela ação de agentes do Estado.  Objetivo: contribuir para o conhecimento público da ação ilegítima e o terrorismo de Estado no Uruguai no período 13 de junho de 1968 a 28 de fevereiro de 1985 e da contribuição da Medicina Legal em termos de verdade, justiça, memoria, reparação e garantia de não repetição.  Material e método: foram estudados os pedidos de indenização por lesões gravíssimas recebidas durante os primeiros dez anos de vigência da lei.  Resultados e discussão: das 166 solicitações recebidas, foram incluídas 115. Em 95% dos casos o laudo médico-legal e/ou psiquiátrico foi exigido. Embora fosse difícil demonstrar a relação causal, em 55 casos foi estabelecida com um razoável grau de certeza. A idade média das vítimas no momento em que as lesões foram produzidas era de 26 anos. A idade média no momento da indenização era de 66 anos. As lesões demostradas correspondem às referidas na bibliografia nacional e estrangeira. Destaca-se o achado da presença considerável de transtornos psicóticos.  Conclusões: foram indenizadas 115 vítimas por lesões gravíssimas causadas na grande maioria por prisão política prolongada e tortura. Observou-se uma alta prevalência de patologias osteoarticulares, transtornos por estresse pós-traumático crônico e depressão, mas também um número alto de psicoses crônicas. Os laudos médico-legais foram relevantes para demonstrar as lesões gravíssimas e sua relação causal com a ação dos agentes do Estado.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Terrorismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Heridas y traumatismos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tortura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Violaciones de los derechos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Medicina legal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Uruguay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Terrorism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Wounds and injuries]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Torture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Human rights abuses]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Forensic medicine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Uruguay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Terrorismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ferimentos e lesões violência]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Tortura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Violações dos direitos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Medicina legal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Uruguai]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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