<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2730-5066</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agrociencia Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agrocienc. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2730-5066</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Agronomía - Instituto de Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2730-50662024000101306</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31285/agro.28.1201</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effect of dietary inclusion of raw and fermented hornwort, Ceratophyllum demersum, on growth performance and digestibility of young grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto de la inclusión en dieta de Ceratophyllum demersum crudo y fermentado sobre el desempeño del crecimiento y la digestibilidad en juveniles de carpa herbívora, Ctenopharyngodon Idella Val.]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Efeito da inclusão de Ceratophyllum demersum cru e fermentado na dieta sobre o desempenho de crescimento e digestibilidade em juvenis de carpa capim, Ctenopharyngodon Idella Val.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sayed-Lafi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Tameemi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[I.Gowdet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,National University of Science and Technology  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Dhi-Qar ]]></addr-line>
<country>Iraq</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Basrah College of Agriculture Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Basrah ]]></addr-line>
<country>Iraq</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>28</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2730-50662024000101306&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2730-50662024000101306&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2730-50662024000101306&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: A 12-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance, feed efficiency, digestibility and carcass composition of young grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val, 1844) (4.03±0.16 g) fed on a control diet and two experimental diets (38.5% crude protein). The experiment aimed to assess the utilization of raw hornwort Ceratophyllum demersum (HR) and fermented (HF) by adding 20% of each of the alternative ingredients separately to the control diet (C) to completely compensate barley, a portion of wheat bran and 20% of fish meal. Results indicated that all growth and feed efficiency parameters among groups were no significantly different (P&gt;0.05) in specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and protein productive value (PPV) of fish fed HR and HF with the control diet. There was no effect (P&gt;0.05) in stimulating digestibility (ADCtotal) when HR and HF were added to the diet. Both HR and HF produced significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher satiation level associated with lower dietary digestible energy contents. The evacuation rate was not affected significantly (P&gt;0.05) by the inclusion of raw or fermented hornwort. Whereas, the moisture, protein and lipid levels in carcass were similar (P&gt;0.05) in all groups, except for the control diet (C), which recorded the highest ash level (P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, the incorporation of raw or fermented hornwort up to 20% level was found to be not suitable, and there were adverse effects on the growth and feed efficiency of experimental fish.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Se llevó a cabo un experimento de alimentación de 12 semanas para evaluar el rendimiento del crecimiento, la eficiencia alimenticia, la digestibilidad y la composición de la canal de juveniles de carpa herbívora Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val, 1844) (4,03 ± 0,16 g) alimentados con una dieta de control y dos dietas experimentales (38,5 % PC). El experimento tuvo como objetivo evaluar la utilización de hornwort, Ceratophyllum demersum, crudo (HR) y fermentado (HF) agregando un 20 % de cada uno de los ingredientes alternativos por separado a la dieta de control (C) para compensar completamente la cebada, una porción de salvado de trigo y 20 % de harina de pescado. Los resultados indicaron que los parámetros de crecimiento y eficiencia alimenticia entre los grupos no presentaron diferencias significativas (P&gt;0,05) en la tasa de crecimiento específica (SGR), la tasa de conversión de alimento (FCR), la tasa de eficiencia de proteína (PER) y el valor productivo de proteína (PPV) de los peces alimentados con HR y HF con la dieta control. No hubo efecto (P&gt;0,05) en la estimulación de la digestibilidad (ADCtotal) cuando se agregaron HR y HF a la dieta. Tanto HR como HF produjeron significativamente (P&lt;0,05) el nivel más alto de saciedad asociado con la energía digerible más baja. La tasa de evacuación no se vio afectada significativamente (P&gt;0,05) por la inclusión de hornwort crudo o fermentado. En cambio, los niveles de humedad, proteína y lípidos en la canal fueron similares (P&lt;0.05) en todos los grupos, excepto en la dieta control (C), que registró el mayor nivel de cenizas (P&lt;0,05). En conclusión, se encontró que la incorporación de hornwort crudo o fermentado hasta un nivel del 20% no era adecuada y hubo efectos adversos en el crecimiento y la eficiencia alimenticia de los peces experimentales.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: Um experimento de alimentação de 12 semanas foi conduzido para avaliar o desempenho zootécnico, a eficiência alimentar, a digestibilidade e a composição da carcaça da carpa capim jovem Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val, 1844) (4,03±0,16 g) alimentada com uma dieta controle e duas dietas experimentais (38,5% PC). O experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a utilização de Hornwort Ceratophyllum demersum cru (HR) e fermentado (HF) adicionando 20% de cada um dos ingredientes alternativos separadamente à dieta controle (C) para compensar totalmente a cevada, uma porção de farelo de trigo e 20% de farinha de peixe. Os resultados indicaram que os parâmetros de crescimento e eficiência alimentar entre os grupos não apresentaram diferenças significativas (P&gt;0,05) na taxa de crescimento específico (SGR), na taxa de conversão alimentar (FCR), na taxa de eficiência protéica (PER) e o valor produtivo de proteína (PPV) dos peixes alimentados com HR e HF com a dieta controle. Não houve efeito (P&gt;0,05) na digestibilidade estimulante (ADC total) quando HR e HF foram adicionados à dieta. Tanto HR quanto HF produziram significativamente (P&lt;0,05) o maior nível de saciedade associado à menor energia digestível. A taxa de evacuação não foi significativamente afetada (P&gt;0,05) pela inclusão de antócera crua ou fermentada. Enquanto os teores de umidade, proteína e lipídios na carcaça foram semelhantes (P&lt;0,05) em todos os grupos, exceto na dieta controle (C), que registrou o maior teor de cinzas (P&lt;0,05). Em conclusão, verificou-se que a incorporação de antócera crua ou fermentada até um nível de 20% não foi adequada e houve efeitos adversos no crescimento e na eficiência alimentar dos peixes experimentais.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[grass carp]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fermentation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[macrophytic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hornwort]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[digestibility]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[carpa herbívora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fermentación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[macrófitas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hornwort]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[digestibilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[carpa capim]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fermentação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[macrófitas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[hornwort]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[digestibilidade]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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