<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2730-5066</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agrociencia Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agrocienc. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2730-5066</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Agronomía - Instituto de Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2730-50662022000202303</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31285/agro.26.924</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nitrogen nutrition index at GS 3.3 is an effective tool to adjust nitrogen required to reach attainable wheat yield]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El índice de nutrición nitrogenada en GS 3.3 es una herramienta eficaz para ajustar el nitrógeno necesario para lograr el rendimiento de trigo alcanzable]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O índice de nutrição de nitrogênio no GS 3.3 é uma ferramenta eficaz para ajustar o nitrogênio necessário para alcançar a produtividade de trigo atingível]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fassana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ernst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Agronomía Departamento de Producción Vegetal]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Paysandú ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA) INIA La Estanzuela ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Colonia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2730-50662022000202303&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2730-50662022000202303&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2730-50662022000202303&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Current nitrogen (N) fertilization schedule for spring wheat was developed under a dominant crop-pasture rotation. After the year 2002, this cropping system was converted to continuous annual cropping systems under no-till, reducing soil N supply capacity progressively. Additionally, highest grain yield of new varieties increased N demand. The required additional N fertilizer can be adjusted by monitoring nutritional status of the crop. Our objectives were: i) to determine optimal N status at different phenological stages; ii) to quantify the wheat yield gap explained by N supply deficit, and iii) to assess the critical nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) value as a predictor of response to N fertilizer applied at GS 3.3. We adjusted the nitrogen dilution curve (Nc=4.17DM-0.31), deriving a critical NNI at GS 3.3 (NNI=1.24). Depending on soil N supply capacity and NNI at GS 3.3, wheat yield gap attributed to N supply deficit varied from 0 to 2.74 Mg ha-1, averaging 0.76 Mg ha-1. The critical NNI proposed at GS 3.3 was effective to diagnose the N crop demand to reach the attainable yield under different scenarios.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El esquema actual de fertilización con nitrógeno (N) para el trigo de primavera se desarrolló bajo una rotación dominante de cultivo-pastura. Después de 2002, este sistema se convirtió en un sistema de cultivo anual continuo con labranza cero, reduciendo progresivamente la capacidad de suministro de N del suelo. Además, el mayor rendimiento en grano de las nuevas variedades aumentó la demanda de N. El fertilizante nitrogenado adicional requerido se puede ajustar monitoreando el estado nutricional del cultivo. Nuestros objetivos fueron: i) determinar el estado óptimo de N en diferentes etapas fenológicas; ii) cuantificar la brecha de rendimiento del trigo explicada por el déficit de suministro de N, y iii) evaluar el valor crítico del índice de nutrición nitrogenada (INN) como predictor de respuesta al agregado de fertilizante nitrogenado en GS 3.3. Ajustamos la curva de dilución de nitrógeno (Nc=4,17MS-0,31), derivando un INN crítico en GS 3.3 (INN=1,24). Según la capacidad de suministro de N del suelo y el INN en GS 3.3, la brecha de rendimiento del trigo atribuida al déficit de suministro de N varió de 0 a 2,74 Mg ha-1, con un promedio de 0,76 Mg ha-1. El INN crítico propuesto en GS 3.3 fue efectivo para diagnosticar la demanda de N del cultivo y lograr el rendimiento alcanzable en diferentes escenarios.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: O esquema atual de fertilização com nitrogênio (N) para o trigo de primavera foi desenvolvido sob uma rotação dominante de cultivo e pastagem. A partir de 2002, esse sistema passou a ser um sistema de cultivo anual contínuo com plantio direto, reduzindo progressivamente a capacidade de suprimento de N do solo. Além disso, o maior rendimento de grãos das novas variedades aumentou a demanda por N. O fertilizante de nitrogênio adicional necessário pode ser ajustado monitorando o estado nutricional da cultura. Nossos objetivos foram: i) determinar o estado ótimo do N em diferentes estágios fonológicos; ii) quantificar a lacuna de produtividade do trigo explicada pelo déficit de oferta de N e iii) avaliar o valor crítico do índice de nutrição de nitrogênio (INN) como preditor de resposta à adição de fertilizante nitrogenado no GS 3.3. Ajustamos a curva de diluição de nitrogênio (Nc=4,17MS-0,31), derivando um INN crítico em GS 3,3 (INN=1,24). De acordo com a capacidade de suprimento de N do solo e do INN no GS 3.3, a diferença de produtividade do trigo atribuída ao déficit de suprimento de N variou de 0 a 2,74 Mg ha-1, com média de 0,76 Mg ha-1. O INN crítico proposto em GS 3.3 foi eficaz para diagnosticar a demanda de N da cultura para atingir o rendimento alcançável em diferentes cenários.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[synchronize supply/demand]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[wheat nutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diagnosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Triticum aestivum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sincronizar oferta/demanda]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nutrición de trigo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diagnóstico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Triticum aestivum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sincronizar oferta/demanda]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[nutrição do trigo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[diagnóstico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Triticum aestivum]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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