<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2393-6797</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Uruguaya de Medicina Interna ]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Urug. Med. Int.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2393-6797</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad de Medicina Interna del Uruguay]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2393-67972022000200001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26445/07.02.1</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Infecciones bacterianas no espontáneas en pacientes cirróticos hospitalizados, Hospital Central de las Fuerzas Armadas, marzo 2018-diciembre 2020]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Non-spontaneous bacterial infections in hospitalized cirrhotic patients, Central Hospital of the Armed Forces, March 2018-December 2020]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Infecções bacterianas não espontâneas em pacientes cirróticos hospitalizados, Hospital Central das Forças Armadas, março de 2018 a dezembro de 2020]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Noel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elizondo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcelo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Solange]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Central de las Fuerzas Armadas Servicio de Enfermedades Hepáticas Unidad Bi-Institucional de Trasplante Hepático]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>4</fpage>
<lpage>14</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2393-67972022000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2393-67972022000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2393-67972022000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[resumen está disponible en el texto completo]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  Bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients are a frequent complication, which occurs mainly in advanced stages of the disease. Non-spontaneous infections or infections not related to portal hypertension include mainly those of the urinary tract, acute pneumonia, and skin and soft tissue infections. They generate a significant impact on the evolution of the disease, since they increase morbidity and mortality, and are also the most common precipitating factor of acute over chronic liver failure, a serious condition with high short-term mortality. The objective of this work is to know the incidence, and describe the clinical, epidemiological, microbiological, and evolutionary characteristics of non-spontaneous bacterial infections, in patients with liver cirrhosis, admitted to the Military Hospital, in the period between March 2018 and December 2020.  Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive and single-center study was carried out, which included hospitalized patients, diagnosed with liver cirrhosis, who presented a bacterial infection not related to portal hypertension on admission or during hospital stay. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution and summary measures for the different variables. The incidence of non-spontaneous bacterial infections was calculated based on the total population of cirrhotic patients admitted during that period.  Results:  Of the total number of cirrhotic patients admitted, 17.5% had a bacterial infection not linked to portal hypertension, with a mean age of 61 years, 70% being men. The main etiology of cirrhosis was alcoholic. The vast majority of patients (95%) presented an advanced stage of liver disease (60% Child-Pugh stage B and 35% stage C), with a mean MELD-Na of 21. The most frequent infection was that of the urinary tract (50%), followed by acute pneumonia (20%), skin and soft tissue infections (10%) and acute cholangitis (10%). The most prevalent microorganisms were gram negative bacilli such as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. 40% of the patients presented acute-on-chronic liver failure at the time of admission and an additional 5% developed it during evolution. Of this group of patients, 20% died during hospitalization.  Conclusions: The present study constitutes an approximation to the knowledge of non-spontaneous infections in cirrhotic patients, being necessary the development of studies with a greater number of patients in order to establish a statistically significant association between the presence of bacterial infection and the development of acute on chronic liver failure, and from this with short-term mortality.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução:  Infecções bacterianas em pacientes cirróticos são uma complicação frequente, que ocorre principalmente em estágios avançados da doença. Infecções não espontâneas ou infecções não relacionadas à hipertensão portal incluem principalmente aquelas do trato urinário, pneumonia aguda e infecções de pele e tecidos moles. Geram um impacto significativo na evolução da doença, pois aumentam a morbidade e a mortalidade, sendo também o fator precipitante mais comum da insuficiência hepática aguda sobre a crônica, uma condição grave com alta mortalidade em curto prazo. O objetivo deste trabalho é conhecer a incidência e descrever as características clínicas, epidemiológicas, microbiológicas e evolutivas das infecções bacterianas não espontâneas, em pacientes com cirrose hepática, internados no Hospital Militar, no período entre Março de 2018 e dezembro de 2020.  Metodologia:  Foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo e unicêntrico, que incluiu pacientes internados, com diagnóstico de cirrose hepática, que apresentavam infecção bacteriana não vinculada à hipertensão portal na admissão ou durante a internação. Os dados foram analisados &#8203;&#8203;por meio de distribuição de frequência e medidas de resumo para as diferentes variáveis. A incidência de infecções bacterianas não espontâneas foi calculada com base na população total de pacientes cirróticos admitidos nesse período. Do total de cirróticos admitidos, 17,5% apresentavam infecção bacteriana não ligada à hipertensão portal, com média de idade de 61 anos, sendo 70% homens. A principal etiologia da cirrose foi alcoólica. A grande maioria dos pacientes (95%) apresentava doença hepática em estágio avançado (60% Child-Pugh estágio B e 35% estágio C), com média de MELD-Na de 21. A infecção mais frequente foi a do trato urinário (50%), seguida de pneumonia aguda (20%), infecções de pele e tecidos moles (10%) e colangite aguda (10%). Os microrganismos mais prevalentes foram bacilos gram negativos como Klebsiella pneumoniae e Escherichia coli. 40% dos pacientes apresentavam insuficiência hepática aguda-crônica no momento da admissão e outros 5% a desenvolveram durante a evolução. Desse grupo de pacientes, 20% morreram durante a internação.  Conclusões: O presente estudo constitui uma aproximação ao conhecimento das infecções não espontâneas em pacientes cirróticos, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de estudos com maior número de pacientes a fim de estabelecer uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a presença de infecção bacteriana e o desenvolvimento de quadro agudo de insuficiência hepática crônica, e a partir disso com mortalidade a curto prazo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cirrosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[infecciones bacterianas no espontáneas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipertensión portal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[epidemiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[falla hepática aguda sobre crónica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cirrhosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[non-spontaneous bacterial infections]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[portal hypertension]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[epidemiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acute-on-chronic liver failure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cirrose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[infecções bacterianas não espontâneas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[hipertensão portal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[epidemiologia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[insuficiência hepática aguda-crônica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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