<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2301-1254</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la Facultad de Medicina]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anfamed]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2301-1254</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de la República. Facultad de Medicina]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2301-12542020000101204</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25184/anfamed2020v7n1a3</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Gelatinasas como marcadores de consumo crónico de alcohol: un estudio piloto en Uruguay]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Gelatinases as Markers of Chronic Alcohol Consumption: A Pilot Study in Uruguay]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Gelatinasas como marcadores de consumo crônico de álcool: um estúdio piloto em Uruguai]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boragno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paola]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cordero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Victoria Mestre]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berasain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cadenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Florencia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cecilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ximena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bianchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Virginia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barindelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anna]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fielitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivera-Bravo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Química, Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (MEC) Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable (IIBCE), Neurobiología Celular y Molecular]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Química Laboratorio Central del Hospital Maci]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Ciencias Unidad de Biología Parasitaria]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República UNITRA, Hospital de Clínicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital de Clínicas, ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2301-12542020000101204&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2301-12542020000101204&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2301-12542020000101204&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El consumo crónico de alcohol en Uruguay es un problema creciente, sin embargo, las determinaciones de biomarcadores consensuados no se realizan sistemáticamente ni se investigan otros marcadores potenciales. Para validar la hipótesis de que las metaloproteinasas de matriz con actividad gelatinasa son biomarcadores de consumo crónico de alcohol, se evaluaron muestras de sangre de 100 alcohólicos que comenzaron a atenderse en la Unidad de Trastornos Relacionados con el Alcohol y de 50 donantes sanos no alcohólicos. Las muestras de alcohólicos presentaron actividad de gelatinasas que triplicaron la de los controles y aumentos pequeños pero significativos en los niveles de &#947;-glutamil transferasa, aspartato-aminotransferasa y volumen corpuscular medio. Los valores de transferrina deficiente en carbohidratos fueron menores en alcohólicos que en controles. Estos resultados permiten proponer a las gelatinasas como los indicadores más sensibles del consumo sostenido de alcohol en la población analizada, ya que las enzimas hepáticas y el volumen corpuscular medio muestran una tendencia acorde con la literatura pero no alcanzaron valores asociados a la patología. Dado que la transferrina deficiente en carbohidratos es considerada el biomarcador indirecto más sensible y específico de consumo crónico de alcohol, los valores menores obtenidos en alcohólicos respecto de controles sugieren problemas metodológicos que podrían subsanarse aplicando otras técnicas de medida o por la presencia de interferencias que deben ser identificadas. Finalmente, estos hallazgos justifican una extensión de este trabajo piloto, así como estudios adicionales centrados en la participación de las metaloproteinasas de matriz con actividad gelatinasa en las cascadas de daño asociadas al consumo crónico de alcohol.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Chronic alcohol consumption in Uruguay is a growing problem, however, determinations of consensual biomarker are not performed systematically neither potential markers are explored. To validate the hypothesis that matrix metalloproteinases with gelatinase activity are biomarkers of chronic alcohol consumption, blood samples of 100 alcoholics that began medical treatment at the Unidad de Trastornos Relacionados con el Alcohol and 50 healthy non-alcoholic donors were evaluated. Alcoholic samples showed gelatinase activity that tripled that of controls and small but significant increases in levels of &#947;-glutamyl transferase, aspartate-aminotransferase and mean cellular volume. Carbohydrate deficient transferrin values were lower in alcoholics than in controls. These results allow proposing gelatinases as the most sensitive indicators of sustained alcohol consumption in the population analyzed since hepatic enzymes and mean cellular volume showed a tendency consistent with the literature but did not reach values associated with the pathology. Since carbohydrate-deficient transferrin is considered the most sensitive and specific indirect biomarker of chronic alcohol consumption, lower values in alcoholics related to controls suggest methodological problems that could be solved by applying other measurement techniques or by the presence of yet unknown interferences. Finally, these findings justify an extension of this pilot work, as well as additional studies focused on the participation of matrix metalloproteinases with gelatinase activity in the cascades of damage associated with chronic alcohol consumption.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: O consumo crônico de álcool no Uruguai é um problema crescente, no entanto, as determinações consensuais de biomarcadores não são realizadas sistematicamente ou os potenciais marcadores são explorados. Para validar a hipótese de que as metaloproteinases de matriz com atividade gelatinase são biomarcadores do consumo crônico de álcool, foram avaliadas amostras de sangue cd 100 alcoólatras que começaram a ser tratadas na Unidad de Trastornos Relacionados con el Alcohol e 50 doadores não-alcoólatras saudáveis. As amostras alcoólicas apresentaram atividade de gelatinase que triplicou a dos controles e pequenos más significativos aumentos nos níveis de &#947;-glutamil transferase, aspartato-aminotransferase e volume médio celular. Os valores de transferrina deficientes em carboidratos foram menores nos alcoolistas que nos controles. Esses resultados permitem que as gelatinases sejam propostas como os indicadores mais sensíveis do consumo sustentado de álcool na população analisada, uma vez que as enzimas hepáticas e o volume celular médio apresentam uma tendência consistente com a literatura, mas não alcançaram valores associados à patologia. Como a transferrina deficiente em carboidratos é considerada o biomarcador indireto mais sensível e específico do consumo crônico de álcool, os valores mais baixos em alcoólatras do que em controles sugerem problemas metodológicos que poderiam ser sanados pela aplicação de outras técnicas de mensuração pela presença de interferências que deben ser identificadas. Finalmente, esses achados justificam uma extensão deste trabalho piloto, bem como estudos adicionais voltados para a participação de metaloproteinases de matriz com atividade de gelatinase nas cascatas de danos associados ao consumo crônico de álcool.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[alcoholismo crónico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biomarcadores indirectos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gelatinasas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chronic Alcoholism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Indirect Biomarkers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gelatinases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[alcoolismo crônico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[biomarcadores indiretos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[gelatinases]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Junta Nacional de Drogas</collab>
<source><![CDATA[VI Encuesta Nacional en Hogares sobre Consumo de Drogas, 2016]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[JND]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pratt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaplan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of abnormal liver-enzyme results in asymptomatic patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>342</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>1266-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conigrave]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Traditional markers of excessive alcohol use]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Addiction]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>Suppl2</numero>
<issue>Suppl2</issue>
<page-range>31-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chanarin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Macrocytosis of chronic alcoholism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>7862</numero>
<issue>7862</issue>
<page-range>829-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Helander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eriksson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Laboratory tests for acute alcohol consumption results of the WHO/ISBRA study on state and trait markers of alcohol use and dependence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[AlcoholismClinExp Res]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1070-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andresen-Streichert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Müller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skopp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sterneck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alcohol Biomarkers in Clinical and Forensic contexts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[DtschÄrztebl Intl]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>115</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>309-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salmela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laitinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nystrom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salaspuro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin during 3 weeks' heavy alcohol consumption]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Alcohol Clin Exp Res]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>228-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Helander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wielders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arndt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bianchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deenmamode]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeppsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weykamp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schellenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reprint of Standardisation and use of the alcohol biomarker carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ClinChimActa]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>467</volume>
<page-range>15-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delanghe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Helander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wielders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pekelharing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schellenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Born]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yagmur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gentzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Althaus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development and multicenter evaluation of the N latex CDT direct immunonephelometric assay for serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ClinChem]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1115-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Carreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castellano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Hígado y alcohol.En: Montoro MA, GarcíaPagán JC(Eds.). Gastroenterología y Hepatología]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[AEG ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Madrid]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores-Bastías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karahanian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neuroinflammation produced by heavy alcohol intake is due to loops of interactions between Toll-like 4 and TNF receptors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and the central melanocortin system Anovel hypothesis and new therapeutic avenues]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuropharmacology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>128</volume>
<page-range>401-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galliera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tacchini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CorsiRomanelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Matrix metalloproteinases as biomarkers of disease updates and new insights]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ClinChem Lab Med]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>349-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mittal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Debs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nguyen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intricate Functions of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Physiological and Pathological Conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Cell Physiol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>231</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2599-621</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fingleton]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Matrix metalloproteinases as regulators of inflammatory processes]]></article-title>
<collab>B</collab>
<source><![CDATA[BiochimBiophysActa]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>1864</volume>
<numero>11PtA</numero>
<issue>11PtA</issue>
<page-range>2036-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saunders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aasland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Babor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption-II]]></article-title>
<collab>De la Fuente J.Grant M</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Addiction]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>791-804</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schumann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klauke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New IFCC reference procedures for the determination of catalytic activity concentrations of five enzymes in serum preliminary upper reference limits obtained in hospitalized subjects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ClinChimActa]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>327</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>69-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hellman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salinas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A relevant enzyme in granulomatous reaction, active matrix metalloproteinase-9, found in bovine Echinococcusgranulosus hydatid cyst wall and fluid]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Parasitol Res]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>131-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sillanaukee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seppa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoyhtya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikkari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is elevated in serum of alcohol abusers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Clin Inv]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>225-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hasselblatt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ehrenreich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kernbach-Wighton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Persistent macrocytosis following abstinence from chronic alcohol use]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>286</volume>
<numero>23</numero>
<issue>23</issue>
<page-range>2946</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Topic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Djukic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnostic characteristics and application of alcohol biomarkers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ClinLab]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>3-4</numero>
<issue>3-4</issue>
<page-range>233-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jastrzebska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zwolak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szczyrek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wawryniuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skrzydlo-Radomanska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daniluk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biomarkers of alcohol misuse recent advances and future prospects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PrzGastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>78-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niemelä]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biomarker-Based Approaches for Assessing Alcohol Use Disorders]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Environ Res Public Health]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>166</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stibler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The value of carbohydrate deficient transferrin as a marker of high alcohol consumption.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuriyama K]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Takaya A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ishii H]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ed.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Biochemical and social aspects of alcohol and alcoholism]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<page-range>503-6</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Amsterdam ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torrente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freeman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vrana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Protein biomarkers of alcohol abuse]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Expert Rev Proteomics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>425-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Feo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fargion]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mattioli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cappellini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sampietro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cesana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fiorelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carbohydrate-deficient Transferrin, a Sensitive Marker of Chronic Alcohol Abuse, Is Highly Influenced by Body Iron]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>658-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bakhireva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rayburn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Savich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leeman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Advanced gestational age increases serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin levels in abstinent pregnant women]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Alcohol Alcohol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>683-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chrostek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cylwik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gruszewska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panasiuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szmitkowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[N-latex CDT results in liver diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Alcohol Alcohol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>428-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PAF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montgomery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measuring Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin by Direct Immunoassay Factors Affecting Diagnostic Sensitivity for Excessive Alcohol Intake]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Chem]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1158-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prystupa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boguszewska-Czubara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bojarska-Junak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torun-Jurkowska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rolinski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaluska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Activity of MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-9 in serum as a marker of progression of alcoholic liver disease in people from Lublin Region, eastern Poland]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Agric Environ Med]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>325-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Czechowska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slomka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celinski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szymonik-Lesiuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kurzepa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Decrease of Serum MMP-2 Activity Corresponds to Alcoholic Cirrhosis Stage]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Alcohol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>155-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuyvenhoven]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Hoek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Duijn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanemaaijer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verheijen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of the clinical significance of serum matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with various chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ThrombHaemost]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>718-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conigrave]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macaskill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Irwig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Combining carbohydrate-deficient transferrin and gamma-glutamyltransferase to increase diagnostic accuracy for problem drinking]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Alcohol &amp; Alcoholism]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>574-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stefaniuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beroun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lebitko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Markina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Synaptic Plasticity in the Central Amygdala in Control of Alcohol-Seeking Behavior]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biol Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>907-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
