<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2301-1254</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de la Facultad de Medicina]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anfamed]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2301-1254</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de la República. Facultad de Medicina]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2301-12542017000100014</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25184/anfamed2017.4.1.4</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El problema del sobrepeso y la obesidad en la niñez y adolescencia. Una mirada desde la Bioética]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The problem of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence. A look from Bioethics]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O problema do sobrepeso e a obesidade na infância e adolescência. Um olhar desde a bioética]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[França Tarragó]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Omar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crestanello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Müller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Augusto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silveri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Asdrúbal]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Academia Nacional de Medicina del Uruguay ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Academia Nacional de Medicina del Uruguay ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Academia Nacional de Medicina del Uruguay ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Academia Nacional de Medicina del Uruguay ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Academia Nacional de Medicina del Uruguay ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>14</fpage>
<lpage>71</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2301-12542017000100014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2301-12542017000100014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2301-12542017000100014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: La prevención, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del sobrepeso y la obesidad, tienen componentes bioéticos que, a juicio de los autores, no han merecido suficiente análisis. En la niñez y adolescencia este encare tiene características diferentes que en la edad adulta, que hacen necesario un análisis específico. Este trabajo se propone identificar los componentes bioéticos más importantes del encare de este problema sanitario en estas edades, introducirlos en la consideración pública, y hacer algunos aportes de carácter inicial a su análisis, que no pretenden agotar el tema. Para ubicarse en la importancia del mismo, repasa los índices que definen el sobrepeso y la obesidad en la niñez y adolescencia, su prevalencia en América Latina, Uruguay y el Mundo, y los requerimientos en alimentación y en actividad física para ellas. Luego analiza las responsabilidades que en estas dos materias la ética marca a los diversos actores sociales (padres, educadores, profesionales de la salud, productores y comercializadores de alimentos y Estado), enumera las acciones éticamente deseables que derivan de esas responsabilidades, señala la existencia de factores que las circunscriben a los ámbitos de lo posible y lo realizable, y las contrasta con algunos ejemplos de acciones éticamente reprobables que se observan en la práctica. El trabajo finaliza con un inventario de lo que en Uruguay se ha hecho en esta materia y con el análisis de en qué medida se ajusta a lo que marca la ética.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The prevention, diagnosis and treatment of overweight and obesity, have bioethical components that, in the authors&#8217; opinion, have not deserved sufficient analysis. In childhood and adolescence this approach has different characteristics than in adulthood, which makes a specific analysis necessary. This paper aims to identify the most important bioethical components of this health problem at these ages, to introduce them into public consideration, and to make some initial contributions to its analysis, which do not attempt to exhaust the topic. To focus on its importance, it reviews the indexes that define overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence, prevalence in Latin America, Uruguay and the World, and the requirements for food and physical activity for them. Then, it analyzes the responsibilities that ethics assigns to the various social actors (parents, educators, health professionals, producers and marketers of food and the State) in these two matters, lists the ethically desirable actions that derive from those responsibilities, points out the existence of factors that circumscribe them to the scopes of the possible and the achievable, and contrasts them with some examples of ethically reprehensible actions that are observed in practice. The work ends with an inventory of what it has been done in Uruguay in this area and with the analysis of the extent to which it conforms to what ethics marks.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: Prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento do sobrepeso e obesidade têm componentes bioéticos, os quais, na opinião dos autores, não têm recebido análise suficiente. Na infância e na adolescência esta abordagem, por possuir características diferentes que na idade adulta, exige uma análise específica. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar as componentes bioéticas mais importantes deste problema sanitário nessas idades, introduzi-los na consideração pública e fazer algumas contribuições iniciais para sua análise, sem pretender esgotar o assunto. Para destacar sua importância, reveem-se os indicadores que definem o sobrepeso e a obesidade na infância e na adolescência, sua prevalência na América Latina, Uruguay e o mundo e os requerimentos nutricionais e de atividade física para essas idades. Depois, analisam-se as responsabilidades que a ética impõe sobre essa matéria aos diversos atores sociais (pais, educadores, profissionais da saúde, produtores e comercializadores de alimentos e estado), enumeram-se as ações eticamente desejáveis que derivam dessas responsabilidades, assinala-se a existência de fatores que as circunscrevem aos âmbitos do possível e do realizável e comparam-se com exemplos de condutas eticamente reprováveis observadas na prática. Encerra-se o trabalho com um inventário do que foi realizado em Uruguay sobre o assunto e uma análise da medida em que isso está ajustado a ética.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sobrepeso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[obesidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[niñez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[adolescencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[alimentación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actividad física]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioethics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[overweight]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[obesity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[childhood]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[adolescence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[food]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[physical activity.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[bioética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sobrepeso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[obesidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[infância]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[adolescência]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[alimentação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[atividade física]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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