<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2301-0665</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Facultad de Derecho]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Fac. Der.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2301-0665</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Derecho. Universidad de la República.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2301-06652021000201201</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22187/rfd2021n51a7</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Sobre la conveniencia de la regla fiscal: política fiscal y democracia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[On the convenience of the fiscal rule: fiscal policy and democracy]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Na conveniência da regra fiscal: política fiscal e democracia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Derecho ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>51</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2301-06652021000201201&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2301-06652021000201201&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2301-06652021000201201&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: La discusión acerca de la adopción de una regla fiscal (entendida como una restricción permanente al crecimiento del gasto público) en un tratados internacionales, la Constitución o la legislación ordinaria, debe partir del análisis de los efectos económicos que tiene una política de esa índole. La contención del gasto público es una propuesta de la corriente económica neoclásica, para la cual el gasto público tiene un efecto distorsionante, ya que supone que las personas lo interpretan como un aumento de la deuda pública y de los impuestos para solventar dichos incrementos. Por lo tanto, dicha corriente sostiene que la restricción al crecimiento del gasto público favorece la inversión y el consumo. Esta creencia es fuertemente contestada desde el poskeynesianismo, que considera al gasto público como un componente de la demanda que favorece el consumo y la inversión, y más específicamente como el único componente de la demanda que puede ser utilizado como herramienta contra las recesiones. Desde este último punto de vista, las reglas fiscales no serían deseables en absoluto, ya que limitan la capacidad de los gobiernos de adoptar políticas de combate a la recesión y el desempleo. Las evidencias empíricas comparadas de países con y sin reglas fiscales, así como también de la evolución del gasto público uruguayo, son tendencialmente contrarias a la conveniencia de las reglas fiscales, ya que éstas no evitaron las recesiones sino que, plausiblemente, tendieron a hacerlas más duraderas. Por otro lado, las evidencias también muestran que, contrariamente a lo sostenido por los defensores de las reglas fiscales, el incremento de la deuda pública es independiente del gasto público y el déficit. Por último, se concluye que las reglas fiscales son opuestas a una concepción consecuente de la democracia deliberativa, ya que sustrae a la decisión democrática y al debate público un aspecto central de la vida social como lo es la política fiscal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The discussion on the adoption of fiscal rules (understood as permanent limitations of the growth of public spending) in the Constitution, international treaties or even ordinary legislation, must be conducted on the basis of their economic effects. The limitation of the growth of public spending is a central proposal of the neoclassical theory in economics, which believes that such spending have distorting effects since individuals interpret it as future increases of public debt and taxes, and consequently retract their investment and consumption. Therefore, neoclassical authors affirm that cuts in public spending stimulate private consumption and investment. That belief is hardly contested from the Postkeynesian theory, which considers public spending as a part of demand that favours consumption and investment, and more specifically as the unique part of demand that can be a tool against recessions and unemployment. From that perspective, fiscal rules are not advisable at all, because they limit the possibility of adopting policies of struggle against recession and unemployment. Empirical evidences from countries with and without fiscal rules, as well as from Uruguay, suggest that such rules have not stimulated consumption and investment and, on the contrary, contributed to extend temporarily the adverse effects of recessions. On other hand, there are robust evidences of the independence of public debt respecting public spending and deficit, in opposition to the neoclassical thesis. In a political perspective, in turn, fiscal rules are contrary to the conception of deliberative democracy, since they exclude from the democratic decision and public debate a central issue of social life like the fiscal policy.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: A discussão com relação á incorporação de uma regra fiscal (entendida como uma restrição permanente ao incremento do gasto público) na Costituição, Tratados internacionais ou legislação nacional, deve partir do análise de uma política dese teor. A contenção do gasto público é uma proposta da teoría económica neoclásica, a qual mantém que o incremento do gasto público ten efectos distorcidos, porque as pessoas interpretam o incremento como um aumento futuro da dívida pública e os impostos. Portanto, para tal teoría a restrição ao crescimento do gasto público favorece o consumo e o investimento. Essa crença e fortemente contestada desde a teoría Poskeynesiana, qual acredita que o gasto público é um elemento da demanda que favorece o consumo e o investimento, e mais específicamente é um instrumento de combate contra as recessôes. Desde este ponto de vista a adopcão da regra fiscal é inconveniente porque limitam a capacidade do governo de combatir a recessão e o desemprego. As evidencias empíricas de países com e sem regras fiscais, e também do Uruguai, sugerem que tais regras não estimularam o cosumo e o invetimento mas, ao contrario, contriuiron a prolongar os efectos adversos das recessôes. Alem disso, também as evidencias indicam a independencia da dívida pública do gasto público e do déficit. Desde uma perspectiva política, as regras fiscais são opostas a uma conceição consecuente da democracia deliberativa, ja que substrai da decissão democrática e do debate público um assunto central da vida social como a política fiscal.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[regla fiscal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gasto público]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política fiscal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[deuda pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[déficit fiscal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fiscal rule]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public spending]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fiscal policy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public debt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fiscal deficit]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[regra fiscal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[gasto público]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[política fiscal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[dívida pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[déficit fiscal.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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