<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-9339</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Odontoestomatología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Odontoestomatología]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-9339</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Odontología - Universidad de la República]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-93392021000201302</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22592/ode2021n37e302</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Comparación de Brackets de Autoligado y Brackets Convencionales basada en la evidencia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Comparação baseada em evidências de colchetes autoligáveis &#8203;&#8203;e colchetes convencionais]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evidence-based comparison of self-ligating and conventional brackets]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hempel Souper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Germán]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sat Yaber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Ignacia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Valeria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Chile Facultad de Odontología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Chile Facultad de Odontología Departamento del Niño y Ortopedia Dento Maxilar]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>38</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-93392021000201302&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-93392021000201302&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-93392021000201302&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los brackets de autoligado son aquellos que incorporan un mecanismo de cierre que mantiene el arco en el interior de la ranura del bracket. Fueron creados principalmente para crear un sistema de menor fricción, permitiendo una mecánica de deslizamiento más eficiente y disminuir el tiempo de tratamiento.  Objetivo:  El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar de manera más estructurada y ordenada toda la información disponible respecto de los distintos aparatos de autoligado, ya sea activo o pasivo, comparando las cualidades entre sí y con los aparatos convencionales.  Método:  Se realizó una búsqueda mediante PubMed y Epistemonikos, sin importar idioma o año de publicación.  Resultados:  Se establecieron comparaciones tanto de brackets de autoligado activos con pasivos, como de brackets de autoligado con brackets convencionales en distintas situaciones clínicas.  Conclusiones:  Para la gran mayoría de situaciones clínicas, no existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, a excepción de la expresión de torque, en donde los brackets convencionales tienen una mayor ventaja.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Os braquetes autoligáveis são aqueles que incorporam um mecanismo de fechamento que mantém o fio dentro da ranhura do braquete. Eles foram criados principalmente para criar um sistema de menor atrito, permitindo uma mecânica de deslizamento mais eficiente e reduzindo o tempo de tratamento.  Objetivo:  O objetivo desta revisão é apresentar de forma mais estruturada e ordenada todas as informações disponíveis sobre os diferentes dispositivos autoligáveis, sejam eles ativos ou passivos, comparando as qualidades entre si e com os dispositivos convencionais.  Método:  A busca foi realizada usando PubMed e Epistemonikos, independentemente do idioma ou ano de publicação.  Resultados:  Foram comparadas braquetes autoligáveis ativos e passivos e braquetes autoligáveis convencionais em diferentes situações clínicas.  Conclusões:  Para a grande maioria das situações clínicas, não há diferença estatisticamente significativa, exceto para a expressão do torque, onde os braquetes convencionais apresentam maior vantagem.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Self-ligating brackets include a locking mechanism that holds the archwire in the bracket slot. They were created primarily to create a lower friction system, allowing for more efficient sliding mechanics and reducing treatment time.  Objective:  This review aims to present all the information available on different self-ligating devices, whether active or passive, in a structured and organized way. This paper sets out to compare their qualities with each other and with conventional devices.  Method:  A search was conducted in PubMed and Epistemonikos, regardless of language or year of publication.  Results:  Comparisons were made of both active and passive self-ligating brackets and self-ligating brackets with conventional brackets in different clinical situations.  Conclusions  No statistically significant difference was found in most clinical situations, except for torque expression, where conventional brackets have a more significant advantage.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Brackets de ortodoncia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Brackets de autoligado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Brackets convencionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[aparelho ortodôntico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[aparelho autoligável]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[aparelho convencional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Orthodontic brackets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Self-ligating brackets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Conventional brackets]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[do Nascimento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LEAG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MMG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ARP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are self-ligating brackets related to less formation of Streptococcus mutans colonies A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dental Press J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>60-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourauel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Changes in the stiffness of the ligating mechanism in retrieved active self-ligating brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>834-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gandini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orsi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sfondrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scribante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Opening and closure forces of sliding mechanisms of different self-ligating brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Appl Oral Sci]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>231-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eberting]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Straja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tuncay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment time, outcome, and patient satisfaction comparisons of Damon and conventional brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Orthod Craniofacial Res]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>228-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brauchlia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steineckb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wichelhausc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Active and passive self-ligation A myth? Part 1: Torque control]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>663-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[He]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Differences between active and passive self-ligating brackets for orthodontic treatment Systematic review and meta-analysis based on randomized clinical trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orofac Orthop]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>121-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stolzenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Russell attachment and its improved advantages]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Orthodontia and Dentistry for Children]]></source>
<year>1935</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>837-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rinchuse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-ligating brackets present and future]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>216-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacciafesta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sfondrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricciardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scribante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klersy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auricchio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of friction of stainless steel and esthetic self-ligating brackets in various bracket-archwire combinations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>124</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>395-402</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meeran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-ligating brackets an update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Orthod]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>235-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harradine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The History and Development of Self-Ligating Brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Semin Orthod]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>5-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thorstenson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kusy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of resistance to sliding between different self-ligating brackets with second-order angulation in the dry and saliva states]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>472-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikolai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Third-order torque and self-ligating orthodontic bracket-type effects on sliding friction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>551-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polychronopoulou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Active or passive self-ligating brackets? A randomized controlled trial of comparative efficiency in resolving maxillary anterior crowding in adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>137</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badawi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toogood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JPR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Major]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Torque expression of self-ligating brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>133</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>721-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al-Thomali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Basha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Torque expression in self-ligating orthodontic brackets and conventionally ligated brackets A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Exp Dent]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>e123-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tecco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Festa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caputi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Traini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Iorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Friction of conventional and self-ligating brackets using a 10 bracket model]]></article-title>
<collab>D'Attilio M</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1041-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L-M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilmes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gürler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hönscheid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drescher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Friktionsverhalten selbstligierender und konventioneller Bracketsysteme]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Informationen aus Orthod Kieferorthopädie]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>6-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kusy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of the frictional resistance of conventional and self-ligating bracket designs using standardized archwires and dental typodonts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>202-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Friction and resistance to sliding in orthodontics A critical review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>135</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>442-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araujo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bichara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Araujo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Normando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Debris and friction of self-ligating and conventional orthodontic brackets after clinical use]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>673-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ehsani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Bialy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores-Mir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Frictional resistance in self-ligating orthodontic brackets and conventionally ligated brackets a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>592-601</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of frictional forces during the initial leveling stage in various combinations of self-ligating brackets and archwires with a custom-designed typodont system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>133</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ludwig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bister]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baumgaertel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-Ligating Brackets in Orthodontics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthodontist]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<page-range>575-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SmartClip versus conventional twin brackets for initial alignment is there a difference?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aust Orthod J]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>123-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DiBiase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficiency of mandibular arch alignment with 2 preadjusted edgewise appliances]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>135</volume>
<page-range>597-602</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCallum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Griffin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficiency of self-ligating vs conventionally ligated brackets during initial alignment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>138</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dibiase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sherriff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cobourne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alignment efficiency of Damon3 self-ligating and conventional orthodontic bracket systems A randomized clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>134</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>471-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Megat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Idris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yacob]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zainal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of self- and conventional-ligating brackets in the alignment stage]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>176-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polychronopoulou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-ligating vs conventional brackets in the treatment of mandibular crowding A prospective clinical trial of treatment duration and dental effects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>208-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pesce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uribe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Janakiraman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nanda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of rotational control and forces generated during first-order archwire deflections A comparison of self-ligating and conventional brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>245-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dehbi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azaroual]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaoui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halimi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benyahia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Therapeutic efficacy of self-ligating brackets A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Orthod]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>297-311</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-ligating brackets in orthodontics a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>575-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machibya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment time, outcome, and anchorage loss comparisons of self-ligating and conventional brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>280-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>da Costa Monini A.Júnior LGG.Vianna AP.Martins RP</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparison of lower canine retraction and loss of anchorage between conventional and self-ligating brackets a single-center randomized split-mouth controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Oral Investig]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1047-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>da Costa Monini A.Gandini LG.Martins RP.Vianna AP</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Canine retraction and anchorage loss Self-ligating versus conventional brackets in a randomized split-mouth study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>846-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Monini A da C.Gandini LG.Vianna AP.Martins RP.Jacob HB</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tooth movement rate and anchorage lost during canine retraction A maxillary and mandibular comparison]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>559-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mezomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ES]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Menezes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weissheimer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allgayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maxillary canine retraction with self-ligating and conventional brackets A randomized clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>292-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fattal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davoody]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nanda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uribe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparative anchorage control study between conventional and self-ligating bracket systems using differential moments]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>937-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ul Haq]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AAA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Canine retraction and anchorage loss self-ligating versus conventional brackets A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Oral Health]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>136</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DES]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afzal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Irfan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of anchorage loss between conventional and self-ligating brackets during canine retraction - A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Orthod]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>41-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-ligating vs conventional twin brackets during en-masse space closure with sliding mechanics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>223-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Songra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clover]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Atack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ewings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sherriff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative assessment ofalignment efficiency and space closure of active and passive self-ligating vs conventional appliances in adolescents: A single-center randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>145</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>569-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tinsley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does the bracket-ligature combination affect the amount of orthodontic space closure over three months A randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>155-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Canine retraction rate with self-ligating brackets vs conventional edgewise brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>626-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transversal changes , space closure , and efficiency of conventional and self-ligating appliances A quantitative systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orofac Orthop]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dalstra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eriksen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergamini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Actual versus theoretical torsional play in conventional and self-ligating bracket systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>103-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strigou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maxillary incisor torque with conventional and self-ligating brackets a prospective clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Orthod Craniofac Res]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>193-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Atik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akarsu-Guven]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kocadereli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ciger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of maxillary arch dimensional and inclination changes with self-ligating and conventional brackets using broad archwires]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>149</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>830-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Futagami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pedron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dentoalveolar mandibular changes with self-ligating versus conventional bracket systems A CBCT and dental cast study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dental Press J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>50-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cattaneo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Treccani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carlsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thorgeirsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Myrda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cevidanes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LHS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transversal maxillary dento-alveolar changes in patients treated with active and passive self-ligating brackets A randomized clinical trial using CBCT-scans and digital models]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Orthod Craniofacial Res]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>222-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Atik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ciger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An assessment of conventional and self-ligating brackets in Class i maxillary constriction patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>615-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDonald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The timing of significant arch dimensional changes with fixed orthodontic appliances data from a multicenter randomised controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>54</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polychronopoulou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Katsaros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative assessment of conventional and self-ligating appliances on the effect of mandibular intermolar distance in adolescent nonextraction patients a single-center randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>140</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>e99-e105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>55</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mateu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benítez-Rogé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calabrese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lumi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Increased interpremolar development with self-ligating orthodontics A prospective randomized clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Odontol Latinoam]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>104-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<label>56</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bashir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sonar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srivastava]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of transverse maxillary dental arch width changes with self-ligating and conventional brackets in patients requiring premolar extraction - A randomised clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Orthod]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>687-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<label>57</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polychronopoulou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Makou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mandibular dental arch changes associated with treatment of crowding using self-ligating and conventional brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>248-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<label>58</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DiBiase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of mandibular arch changes during alignment and leveling with 2 preadjusted edgewise appliances]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>136</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>340-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<label>59</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influence of the SPEED bracket's self-ligating design on force levels in tooth movement a comparative in vitro study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>97</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>219-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<label>60</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nasika]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polychronopoulou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[External apical root resorption in patients treated with conventional and self-ligating brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>134</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>646-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<label>61</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Unal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huniler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Root resorption due to orthodontic treatment using self-ligating and conventional brackets A cone-beam computed tomography study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orofac Orthop]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>181-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<label>62</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Root resorption during orthodontic treatment with self-ligating or conventional brackets a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Oral Health]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<label>63</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weltman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KWL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fields]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shanker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaizar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>137</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>462-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<label>64</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shivapuja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A comparative study of conventional ligation and self-ligation bracket systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>106</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>472-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<label>65</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turnbull]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Birnie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment efficiency of conventional vs self-ligating brackets effects of archwire size and material]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>131</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>395-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<label>66</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harradine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-ligating brackets and treatment efficiency]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Orthod Res]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>220-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<label>67</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SSH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenlee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic review of self-ligating brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>137</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<label>68</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johansson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lundström]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Orthodontic treatment efficiency with self-ligating and conventional edgewise twin brackets a prospective randomized clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>929-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<label>69</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O&amp;apos;Dywer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Littlewood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spencer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A multi-center randomized controlled trial to compare a self-ligating bracket with a conventional bracket in a UK population Part 1: Treatment efficiency]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>142-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<label>70</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DiBiase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Randomized clinical trial of orthodontic treatment efficiency with self-ligating and conventional fixed orthodontic appliances]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>137</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>738-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<label>71</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schedlberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dörfler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic review on self-ligating vs conventional brackets initial pain, number of visits, treatment time]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Orofac Orthop]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>40-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<label>72</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alpern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gaining Control with Self-Ligation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Semin Orthod]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>73-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<label>73</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sherriff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dibiase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cobourne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perception of discomfort during initial orthodontic tooth alignment using a self-ligating or conventional bracket system A randomized clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>227-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<label>74</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spencer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Littlewood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O&amp;apos;Dywer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A multicenter randomized controlled trial to compare a self-ligating bracket with a conventional bracket in a UK population Part 2: Pain perception]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>149-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B75">
<label>75</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dibiase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pain experience during initial alignment with a self-ligating and a conventional fixed orthodontic appliance system A randomized controlled clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>46-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B76">
<label>76</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Onodera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A prospective randomized split-mouth study on pain experience during chairside archwire manipulation in self-ligating and conventional brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>292-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B77">
<label>77</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weyant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rustveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A clinical trial of Damon 2 vs conventional twin brackets during initial alignment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>480-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B78">
<label>78</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tecco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence and type of pain during conventional and self-ligating orthodontic treatment]]></article-title>
<collab>D´Attilio M.Tetè S.Festa F</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>380-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B79">
<label>79</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pringle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petrie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cunningham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKnight]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prospective randomized clinical trial to compare pain levels associated with 2 orthodontic fixed bracket systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>136</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>160-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B80">
<label>80</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perceived pain for orthodontic patients with conventional brackets or self-ligating brackets over 1 month period A single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Formos Med Assoc]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>119</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>282-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B81">
<label>81</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Su]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[He]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of self-ligating brackets on oral hygiene and discomfort a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Dent Hyg]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>16-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B82">
<label>82</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pithon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[dos Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nascimento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alviano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bolognese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Do self-ligating brackets favor greater bacterial aggregation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Braz J Oral Sci]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>208-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B83">
<label>83</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergamo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AZN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nelson-Filho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrucioli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MCD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[do Nascimento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pedrazzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsumoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MAN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microbial complexes levels in conventional and self-ligating brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Oral Investig]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1037-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B84">
<label>84</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pejda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milosevic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mestrovic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slaj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Repic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical and microbiological parameters in patients with self-ligating and conventional brackets during early phase of orthodontic treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>133-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B85">
<label>85</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardoso Mde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saraiva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maltagliati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LÁ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rhoden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Normando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Capelozza Filho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alterations in plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation promoted by treatment with self-ligating and conventional orthodontic brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dental Press J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>35-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B86">
<label>86</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Basciftci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arslan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of 2 bracket and ligation types on plaque retention a quantitative microbiologic analysis with real-time polymerase chain reaction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>144</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>260-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B87">
<label>87</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vlachopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polychronopoulou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madianos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Periodontal condition of the mandibular anterior dentition in patients with conventional and self-ligating brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Orthod Craniofac Res]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>211-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B88">
<label>88</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papaioannou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kontou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Makou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Salivary Streptococcus mutans levels in patients with conventional and self-ligating brackets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Orthod]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>94-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B89">
<label>89</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[do Nascimento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LEAG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pithon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[dos Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alviano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nojima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Colonization of Streptococcus mutans on esthetic brackets self-ligating vs conventional]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>143</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>72-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B90">
<label>90</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uzuner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaygisiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cankaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of the bracket types on microbial colonization and periodontal status]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1062-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B91">
<label>91</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaygisiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uzuner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuksel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Çulhaoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sezgin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of self-ligating and conventional brackets on halitosis and periodontal conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>468-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B92">
<label>92</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pellegrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sauerwein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Finlayson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McLeod]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Covell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plaque retention by self-ligating vs elastomeric orthodontic brackets quantitative comparison of oral bacteria and detection with adenosine triphosphate-driven bioluminescence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>135</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>426-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B93">
<label>93</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nalçaci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Özat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Çokakoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Türkkahraman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Önal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of bracket type on halitosis, periodontal status, and microbial colonization]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Angle Orthod]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>479-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B94">
<label>94</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Longoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freires]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dutra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parnahos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-ligating versus conventional metallic brackets on Streptococcus mutans retention A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Dent]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>537-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B95">
<label>95</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koletsi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patcas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliades]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of bracket ligation on the periodontal status of adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<page-range>13-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B96">
<label>96</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of fixed orthodontic brackets on oral malodor A systematic review and meta-analysis according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medicine (Baltimore)]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>97</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
