<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-499X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Urug. Cienc. Polít.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-499X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Ciencia Política.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-499X2018000100175</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26851/rucp.27.8</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Building judicial power in Latin America: opposition strategies and the lessons of the Brazilian case]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Construyendo poder judicial en América Latina: estrategias de oposición y lecciones del caso brasileño]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arguelhes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego Werneck]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Süssekind]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Evandro Proença]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundação Getulio Vargas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Harvard Law School  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>175</fpage>
<lpage>196</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-499X2018000100175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-499X2018000100175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-499X2018000100175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary: Studies on courts in Latin America have increasingly focused on high court behavior and its relationship with governments, explaining patterns of judicial activity with variables of institutional design, judicial preferences, and political context. In this paper, we point to additional complexities in the interaction between the variables discussed in the literature. First, as judicial preferences can directly shape institutional design, we argue that understanding transformations in patterns of judicial politics over time requires us to consider processes of building judicial power as relatively independent from the actual use of judicial power. Second, in this picture, the role of the political opposition is more crucial. Existing studies have largely tried to understand judicial behavior in relation to the incumbent government, which is decisive in shaping the strategic incentives around the use of judicial power. In the building of judicial power, however, the opposition plays a more crucial role. We illustrate these propositions in a brief discussion of all the Mandados de Segurança (MS) filed before the Brazilian Supreme Court between October 1988 and May 2016. These amparo-like remedies, although designed to have very limited scope and to reach the Supreme Court in rare circumstances, have expanded over time, as a tool for the exercise of judicial power in the political arena, through the interaction among judges, the political opposition and political minorities in general. The central role the MS have taken in Brazilian politics cannot be accounted for if we focus just on the relationship between the court and the incumbent government. The dynamics around these lawsuits illustrate a kind of partnership between the court and the opposition that, however inconsequential in the short run might create more favorable conditions for the future judicial exercise of power.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Los estudios sobre las cortes en América Latina se han centrado cada vez más en el comportamiento de los tribunales supremos y su relación con los gobiernos, explicando los patrones de actividad judicial con variables de diseño institucional, preferencias judiciales y contexto político. En este trabajo, señalamos complejidades adicionales en la interacción entre las variables discutidas en la literatura. Primero, dado que las preferencias judiciales pueden moldear directamente el diseño institucional, argumentamos que comprender las transformaciones en los patrones de la política judicial a través del tiempo requiere considerar los procesos de construcción del poder judicial como relativamente independientes del uso real del Poder Judicial. En segundo lugar, en esta imagen, el papel de la oposición política es más crucial. Los estudios existentes han intentado, en gran medida, comprender el comportamiento judicial en relación con el gobierno en ejercicio, que es decisivo para configurar los incentivos estratégicos en torno al uso del poder judicial. En la construcción del poder judicial, sin embargo, la oposición juega un papel más crucial. Ilustramos estas proposiciones en una breve discusión de todos los Mandados de Segurança (MS) presentados ante el Supremo Tribunal brasileño entre octubre de 1988 y mayo de 2016. Estos recursos de amparo, aunque diseñados para tener un alcance muy limitado y llegar al Tribunal en circunstancias excepcionales, se han ampliado con el tiempo, como una herramienta para el ejercicio del poder judicial en la arena política, a través de la interacción entre los jueces, la oposición política y las minorías políticas en general. El papel central que los MS han desempeñado en la política brasileña no puede explicarse si nos centramos solo en la relación entre el tribunal y el gobierno en ejercicio. La dinámica en torno a estos juicios ilustra un tipo de asociación entre el tribunal y la oposición que, aunque intrascendentes a corto plazo, podrían crear condiciones más favorables para el futuro ejercicio del poder.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[politics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brazilian Supreme Court]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Institutional design]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Judicial preferences]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[judicial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[América Latina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Supremo Tribunal Brasileño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diseño institucional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Preferencias judiciales]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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