<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-1249</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Pediatr. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-1249</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-12492022000101202</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31134/ap.93.1.12</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Anomalías congénitas frecuentes en Uruguay entre 2011 y 2014: importancia de un registro para la evaluación de las necesidades de salud]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Frequent congenital anomalies in Uruguay in 2011-2014; importance of a Medical Record for health assessment]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Anomalias congênitas frequentes no Uruguai entre 2011-2014, importância de um Registro para avaliação das necessidades de saúde]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larrandaburu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nacul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lavinia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Católica del Uruguay Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica Rio Grande do Sul Escuela Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Porto Alegre]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Sul Depto. Genética y Biología Molecular ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Porto Alegre]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine School  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Londres ]]></addr-line>
<country>Reino Unido</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Sul Depto. Genética y Biología Molecular ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Porto Alegre]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>93</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-12492022000101202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-12492022000101202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-12492022000101202&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción: las anomalías congénitas (AC) son un problema de salud pública con impacto en la infancia, la mortalidad infantil (MI) y la discapacidad. En Uruguay, así como en otros países desarrollados, las AC y la prematuridad son las principales causas de MI.  Objetivos:  el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las anomalías más frecuentes en el país entre 2011 y 2014, y evaluar los factores de riesgo.  Material y método:  los datos se obtuvieron del Registro Nacional de Defectos Congénitos y Enfermedades Raras y Estadísticas Vitales del Ministerio de Salud Pública.  Resultados:  se determinó que prácticamente la mitad de los casos fueron: cardiopatías congénitas, síndrome de Down y defectos del tubo neural (anencefalia, encefalocele y mielomeningocele), representando 0,42% (812/191.820) y 2,85% (38/1334) de los nacidos vivos (NV) y de los óbitos fetales respectivamente. Las prevalencias por 10.000 NV y OF fueron: 38,52 y 149,93 para cardiopatías congénitas; 3,6 y 7,5 para síndrome de Down; 2,1 y 127,4 para defectos del tubo neural. La edad materna avanzada fue el principal factor de riesgo de síndrome de Down. Los factores de riesgo observados en las tres anomalías seleccionadas fueron: prematurez, depresión neonatal y bajo peso al nacer.  Conclusiones: las anomalías congénitas en general y las seleccionadas en este trabajo en particular, constituyen una causa relevante de morbimortalidad en el período neonatal e infantil, plausibles de prevención. El diagnóstico temprano es fundamental para planificar servicios de salud especializados. Los resultados aquí presentados se pueden utilizar como línea de base para medir el impacto de las acciones de salud a nivel nacional.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary:  Introduction:  congenital anomalies (CA) are a public health problem with an impact on childhood, infant mortality (IM) and disability. In Uruguay, as well as in other developed countries, CA and prematurity are the main causes of IM.  Objectives: analyze the most frequent anomalies in the country in 2011-2014 and evaluate risk factors.  Material and methods: the data were obtained from the National Record of Congenital Defects and Rare Diseases and health statistics from the Ministry of Public Health.  Results: it was determined that practically half of the cases were: congenital heart disease, Down syndrome and Neural Tube Defects (anencephaly, encephalocele and myelomeningocele), accounting for 0.42% (812/191,820) and 2.85% (38/1334) of live births and stillbirths respectively. The prevalence per 10,000 NV and stillbirths were: 38.52 and 149.93 for Congenital Heart Disease; 3.6 and 7.5 for Down Syndrome; 2.1 and 127.4 for neural tube defects. Advanced maternal age was the main risk factor for Down syndrome. The risk factors observed in the three selected anomalies were: prematurity, neonatal depression and low birth weight.  Conclusions: congenital anomalies in general, and those selected in this study in particular, are a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns and infants, likely to be prevented. Early diagnosis is essential for planning specialized health services. The results presented in the present paper can be used as a baseline to measure the impact of health actions at national level.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução: as anomalias congênitas (AC) são um problema de saúde pública com impacto na infância, na mortalidade infantil (MI) e na deficiência. No Uruguai, assim como em outros países desenvolvidos as AC e prematuridade são as principais causas de MI.  Objetivos: analisar as anomalias mais frequentes no país, entre 2011-2014 e avaliar os fatores de risco.  Material e métodos: os dados foram obtidos do Registro Nacional de Defeitos Congênitos e Doenças Raras e estatísticas vitais do Ministério da Saúde Pública. Resultados: determinou-se que praticamente a metade dos casos eram: cardiopatias congênitas, Síndrome de Down e Defeitos do tubo neural (anencefalia, encefalocele e mielomeningocele), representando 0,42% (812/191.820) e 2,85% (38/1334) de nascidos vivos-NV e natimortos, respectivamente. As prevalências por 10.000 NV e natimortos foram: 38,52 e 149,93 para Cardiopatia Congênita; 3,6 e 7,5 para Síndrome de Down; 2,1 e 127,4 para defeitos do tubo neural. A idade materna avançada foi o principal fator de risco para a síndrome de Down. Os fatores de risco observados nas três anomalias selecionadas foram: prematuridade, depressão neonatal e baixo peso ao nascer.  Conclusões: as anomalias congênitas em geral e as selecionadas neste estudo em particular, constituem causa relevante de morbimortalidade no período neonatal e infantil, possível de ser prevenida. O diagnóstico precoce é fundamental para o planejamento de serviços de saúde especializados. Os resultados aqui apresentados podem ser usados como base para medir o impacto das ações de saúde realizadas a nível nacional.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Anomalías congénitas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación de necesidades]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cardiopatías congénitas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Síndrome de Down]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Defectos del tubo neural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Uruguay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Congenital abnormalities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Needs assessment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Congenital heart defects]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Down syndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neural tube defects]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Uruguay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Anormalidades congénitas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Determinação de necessidades de cuidados de saúde]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Cardiopatias congénitas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Síndrome de Down]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Defeitos do tubo neural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Uruguai]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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