<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-1249</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Pediatr. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-1249</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-12492020000100035</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31134/ap.91.1.6</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Uso de probióticos en el tratamiento y la prevención de diarrea aguda en niños]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Probiotics to prevent and treat acute diarrhea in children]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Probióticos para o tratamento e prevenção da diarréia aguda em criancas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina Clínica Pediátrica &#8220;A&#8221;]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>35</fpage>
<lpage>45</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-12492020000100035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-12492020000100035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-12492020000100035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El principio del uso de probióticos proviene de la utilización de productos fermentados, desde tiempos muy antiguos. Se definen como microorganismos vivos, que administrados en cantidades adecuadas, confieren beneficios para la salud. Entre las utilidades atribuidas a los probióticos, las más extensamente estudiadas han sido los efectos en niños con diarrea aguda. Existe abundante bibliografía sobre la utilización de estos productos en el tratamiento y la prevención de diarrea aguda infecciosa, y prevención de diarrea nosocomial y de diarrea asociada al uso de antibióticos. Los estudios son heterogéneos en su metodología y muestran resultados dispares, incluso contradictorios. En la interpretación de éstos es imprescindible tener en cuenta las cepas de probióticos utilizadas, las dosis administradas y las características de los pacientes en quienes fueron probadas. Existe evidencia del beneficio de algunas cepas de probióticos en el tratamiento y la prevención de diarrea aguda en niños. Varias guías de práctica clínica los recomiendan. En Uruguay existe poca oferta de estos productos, y la información disponible es escasa, lo cual dificulta su prescripción segura. Se revisa en este documento la evidencia científica publicada sobre el uso de probióticos en niños con diarrea aguda.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary: Probiotics from fermented products have been used since ancient times. They are living microorganisms, which, at appropriate levels, can provide health benefits. Among the benefits of probiotics, the most broadly studied has been the effect on children with acute diarrhea. There is extensive literature regarding the use of probiotics for the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhea, for the prevention of nosocomial diarrhea and for antibiotic-caused diarrhea. The studies show heterogeneous methodologies and mixed results, even contradictory. For their interpretation, it is essential to take into account the probiotic strains used, the doses administered and the characteristics of the patients tested. There is evidence of the benefit of some probiotics strains in the treatment and prevention of acute diarrhea in children. Several Clinical Practice Guidelines recommend them. In Uruguay, there is little supply of these products, and the information available is scarce, which makes them difficult to prescribe. In the present document, we review the existing published scientific evidence regarding the use of probiotics in children with acute diarrhea.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: Os probióticos de produtos fermentados têm sido utilizados desde os tempos antigos. São microrganismos vivos que, em níveis adequados, podem proporcionar benefícios à saúde. Entre os benefícios dos probióticos, o mais amplamente estudado tem sido o efeito em crianças com diarréia aguda. Existe extensa literatura sobre o uso de probióticos para o tratamento e prevenção de diarreia infecciosa aguda, para prevenção de diarreia intra-hospitalar e diarreia causada por antibióticos. Os estudos mostram metodologias heterogêneas e resultados mistos, até contraditórios. Para sua interpretação, é essencial levar em consideração as cepas probióticas utilizadas, as doses administradas e as características dos pacientes testados. Há evidências do benefício de algumas cepas de probióticos no tratamento e prevenção de diarreia aguda em crianças. Várias diretrizes de prática clínica as recomendam. No Uruguai, há pouca oferta desses produtos e a informação disponível é escassa, o que dificulta sua prescrição. No presente documento, revisamos as evidências científicas publicadas sobre o uso de probióticos em crianças com diarreia aguda.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Probióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Disentería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Niño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Probiotics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dysentery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Child]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Probióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Disentería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Criança]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gasbarrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonvicini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gramenzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probiotics History]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 2</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 2</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 2</supplement>
<page-range>S116-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McFarland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From yaks to yogurt the history, development, and current use of probiotics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 2</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 2</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 2</supplement>
<page-range>S85-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guarner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merenstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Expert consensus document The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>506-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Gastroenterology Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Guías mundiales de la Organización Mundial de Gastroenterología: probióticos y prebióticos.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Milwaukee, WI ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WGO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castañeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probióticos, puesta al día]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>286-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merenstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merrifield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hutkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probiotics for human use]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Bull]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>212-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gogineni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gregory]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malesker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probiotics history and evolution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Anc Dis Prev Rem]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>107</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruchet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Furnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maruy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hebel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palacios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The use of probiotics in pediatric gastroenterology a review of the literature and recommendations by Latin-American experts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Paediatr Drugs]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>199-216</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Román]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Empleo de probióticos y prebióticos en pediatría]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Hosp]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 1</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 1</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 1</supplement>
<page-range>42-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>The Center for Evidence-Based Medicine</collab>
<source><![CDATA[CEBM web page.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Oxford]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Farmanuario Uruguay: guía farmacológica y terapéutica.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<edition>29</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Informédica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ozen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dinleyici]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The history of probiotics the untold story]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Benef Microbes]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>159-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Icaza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microbiota intestinal en la salud y la enfermedad]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Gastroenterol Méx]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>240-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guarino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashkenazi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<collab>European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition</collab>
<collab>European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases Evidence-based</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Guidelines for the Management of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children in Europe]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 2</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 2</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 2</supplement>
<page-range>S81-122</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Guía de práctica clínica ibero-latinoamericana sobre el manejo de la gastroenteritis aguda en menores de 5 años enfoque, alcances y diseño]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[An Pediatr (Barc)]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 1</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 1</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 1</supplement>
<page-range>1-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Diarrhoea and vomiting caused by gastroenteritis in under 5s: diagnosis and management. Clinical guideline CG84]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[NICE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Notejane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandolfo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Betancor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gastroenteritis aguda formas de presentación clínica y etiología en niños hospitalizados en el Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, año 2012]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Pediatr Urug]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>91-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Román]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diarrea aguda]]></article-title>
<collab>Asociación Española de Pediatría</collab>
<collab>Sociedad Española de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Nutrición Pediátrica</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Protocolos diagnóstico-terapéuticos de gastroenterología, hepatología y nutrición pediátrica]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>11-20</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ergon]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cofré]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diarrea asociada a Clostridium difficile en niños]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Chil Infect]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>550-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Prevention of hospital-acquired infections: a pratical guide]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Patient Safety. Report on the Burden of Endemic Health Care-associated Infection Worldwide: clean care is safer care]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The treatment of diarrhea: a manual for physicians and other senior health workers]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ginebra ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giachetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atención pediátrica: normas nacionales de diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<edition>8</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oficina del Libro-FEFMUR]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Utilización de probióticos, antisecretores y zinc en la gastroenteritis aguda en pediatría en Uruguay]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Pediatr Urug]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>126-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isolauri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juntunen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rautanen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sillanaukee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koivula]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A human Lactobacillus strain (Lactobacillus casei sp strain GG) promotes recovery from acute diarrhea in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>90-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guarino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spagnuolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Benedetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral bacterial therapy reduces the duration of symptoms and of viral excretion in children with mild diarrhea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>516-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aplicaciones en gastroenterología]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Hosp]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>^sSupl. 1</numero>
<issue>^sSupl. 1</issue>
<supplement>Supl. 1</supplement>
<page-range>21-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schnadower]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gorelick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Connell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG versus Placebo for Acute Gastroenteritis in Children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>379</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>2002-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szajewska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guarino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hojsak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Indrio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kolacek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shamir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Use of probiotics for management of acute gastroenteritis a position paper by the ESPGHAN Working Group for Probiotics and Prebiotics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>531-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tolín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recomendaciones para el empleo de probióticos en la diarrea en la infancia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Pediatr Esp]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>5-6</numero>
<issue>5-6</issue>
<page-range>56-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probiotics and prebiotics in pediatrics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>126</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1217-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teixeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of probiotics and prebiotics in inducing gut immunity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Immunol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>445</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microbiota autóctona, probióticos y probióticos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nut Hosp]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 1</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 1</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 1</supplement>
<page-range>38-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pothoulakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Review article anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action of Saccharomyces boulardii]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aliment Pharmacol Ther]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>826-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gregorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>2010</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Applegate]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fischer Walker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ambikapathi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic review of probiotics for the treatment of community-acquired acute diarrhea in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Public Health]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 3</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 3</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 3</supplement>
<page-range>S16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alizadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rezai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy of probiotic use in acute rotavirus diarrhea in children A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Caspian J Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>187-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Posada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probióticos en diarrea aguda, asociada a antibióticos y nosocomial evidencia en pediatría]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Colomb Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>41-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probióticos en la diarrea aguda y asociada al uso de antibióticos en pediatría]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Hosp]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 1</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 1</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 1</supplement>
<page-range>64-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hojsak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probiotics in Children What Is the Evidence?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>139-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erdoðan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanyeri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gönüllü]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arslan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erenberk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The comparition of the efficacy of two different probiotics in rotavirus gastroenteritis in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Trop Med]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>2012</volume>
<page-range>787240</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szajewska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skórka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Saccharomyces boulardii for treating acute gastroenteritis in children updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aliment Pharmacol Ther]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>960-1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corrêa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment of acute diarrhea with Saccharomyces boulardii in infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>497-501</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szajewska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skórka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruszczyñski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gieruszczak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Meta-analysis Lactobacillus GG for treating acute gastroenteritis in children-updated analysis of randomised controlled trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aliment Pharmacol Ther]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>467-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feizizadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salehi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akbari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii for acute diarrhea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>134</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>e176-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelesidis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pothoulakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii for the prevention and therapy of gastrointestinal disorders]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Therap Adv Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>111-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vandenplas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Hert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Randomised clinical trial the synbiotic food supplement Probiotical vs. placebo for acute gastroenteritis in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aliment Pharmacol Ther]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>862-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freedman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williamson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farion]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gouin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Willan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poonai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multicenter Trial of a Combination Probiotic for Children with Gastroenteritis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>379</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>2015-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sazawal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hiremath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dhingra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea a meta-analysis of masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>374-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guandalini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probiotics for prevention and treatment of diarrhea]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl</issue>
<supplement>Suppl</supplement>
<page-range>S149-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corrêa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Péret]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A randomized formula controlled trial of Bifidobacterium lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus for prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>385-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanús]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efeito de Lactobacillus casei e Bifidobacterium breve na diarréia associada ao uso de antimicrobiano estudo clínico randomizado duplo cego]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Soc Bras Med Trop]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>112-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hojsak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szajewska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guarino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Indrio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kolacek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probiotics for the Prevention of Nosocomial Diarrhea in Children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>3-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>54</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urbañska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gieruszczak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Szajewska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic review with meta-analysis Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 for diarrhoeal diseases in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aliment Pharmacol Ther]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1025-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>55</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sudha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jayanthi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bacillus clausii UBBC-07 reduces severity of diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age a double blind placebo controlled study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Benef Microbes]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>149-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
