<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-0420</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Uruguaya de Cardiología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev.Urug.Cardiol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-0420</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Uruguaya de Cardiología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-04202019000300260</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29277/cardio.34.3.22</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿Qué debe saber el cardiólogo clínico sobre la lipoproteína (a)?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[What the clinical cardiologist should know about lipoprotein (a)?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O que o cardiologista clínico deve saber sobre a lipoproteína (a)?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ximena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Médica Uruguaya Policlínica de Hipercolesterolemia Familiar ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Comisión Honoraria para la Salud Cardiovascular Área de Genética Molecular ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>260</fpage>
<lpage>282</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-04202019000300260&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-04202019000300260&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-04202019000300260&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: La lipoproteína (a) (Lp(a)) elevada es un factor de riesgo vascular no tradicional, independiente, de enfermedad cardiovascular y estenosis valvular aórtica calcificada. Se trata de una de las principales dislipemias hereditarias en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria precoz. Su estructura es similar al colesterol LDL, siendo la principal diferencia estructural entre ambas que la Lp(a) tiene una segunda proteína llamada apolipoproteína (a). Se analizan en el presente trabajo las propiedades protrombóticas y proaterogénicas de la Lp(a) que por distintos mecanismos fisiopatológicos tienen influencia directa en el desarrollo, progresión y evolución de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Se reseñan las principales evidencias científicas surgidas de estudios poblacionales y genéticos sobre la Lp(a) que demuestran su papel como factor causal del desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Se consideran, por otra parte, recomendaciones prácticas para el manejo de la Lp(a) en el consultorio, con especial énfasis en la selección de los grupos de pacientes que se benefician de su determinación y en las razones por las cuales la identificación de Lp(a) elevada implica un cambio en el manejo de la prevención primaria o secundaria de estos pacientes. Finalmente se abordan las medidas terapéuticas disponibles y en investigación. Se jerarquiza el concepto de disminución del riesgo cardiovascular global y el rol de la Lp(a) elevada en la reclasificación de éste y en la intensificación de las medidas preventivas en cada nivel de riesgo vascular.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary: Elevated lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) is a non-traditional, independent vascular risk factor for cardiovascular disease and calcified aortic valve stenosis. It is one of the main inherited dyslipidemia in patients with early coronary heart disease. Its structure is similar to LDL cholesterol, with the main structural difference between them being that Lp(a) has a second protein called apolipoprotein (a). In this work, we analyze the prothrombotic and proatherogenic properties of Lp(a), which by different pathophysiological mechanisms have a direct influence on the development, progression and evolution of cardiovascular diseases. We review the main scientific evidence emerged from population and genetic studies on Lp(a) that demonstrate its role as a causal factor in the development of cardiovascular disease. Practical recommendations for the management of Lp(a) are considered, with special emphasis made on patient groups that benefit from its determination and on the reasons why the identification of high Lp(a) implies a change in the management of primary or secondary prevention of these patients. Finally, we address the available therapeutic measures and those currently under review. We highlight the concept of reducing global cardiovascular risk and the role of elevated Lp(a) in its reclassification, and in the intensification of preventive measures at each level of vascular risk.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: A lipoproteína (a) ( Lp(a)) elevada é um fator de risco vascular independente e não tradicional para doença cardiovascular e estenose valvar aórtica calcificada. É uma das principais dislipidemias hereditárias em pacientes com doença coronariana precoce. Sua estrutura é semelhante ao colesterol LDL, a principal diferença estrutural entre os dois é que Lp(a) tem uma segunda proteína chamada apolipoproteína (a). No presente trabalho, são analisadas as propriedades protrombóticas e proatrogênicas de Lp(a), as quais, por diferentes mecanismos fisiopatológicos, têm influência direta no desenvolvimento, progressão e evolução das doenças cardiovasculares. As principais evidências científicas surgiram de estudos populacionais e genéticos sobre Lp(a) que demonstram seu papel como fator causal no desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Por outro lado, são consideradas recomendações práticas para o manejo da Lp(a) no consultório, com ênfase especial na seleção de grupos de pacientes que se beneficiam de sua determinação e nas razões pelas quais a identificação de Lp(a) ) alta implica uma mudança no manejo da prevenção primária ou secundária desses pacientes. Finalmente, as medidas terapêuticas disponíveis e aquelas sob investigação. O conceito de reduzir o risco cardiovascular global e o papel da Lp (a) elevada na reclassificação da mesma e na intensificação de medidas preventivas em cada nível de risco vascular são classificados.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lipoproteína(a)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Prevención de enfermedades]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedades cardiovasculares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lipoprotein(a)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Disease prevention]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cardiovascular diseases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Lipoproteína(a)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Prevenção de doenças]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Fatores de risco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Doenças cardiovasculares]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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