<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-0390</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Médica del Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Méd. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-0390</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sindicato Médico del Uruguay]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-03902020000400102</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29193/rmu.36.4.6</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Terapia nutricional en el paciente crítico con COVID-19. Una revisión]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nutritional therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19. A case review]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Terapia nutricional no paciente crítico com COVID-19. Uma revisão]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Estela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manzanares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,ASSE Hospital Maciel ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Medicina Hospital de Clínicas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>102</fpage>
<lpage>130</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-03902020000400102&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-03902020000400102&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-03902020000400102&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción: el distrés respiratorio agudo y la falla multiorgánica que determinan admisión en una unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) son una causa importante de morbimortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19. Los pacientes con peores resultados clínicos -incluido una menor sobrevida en UCI- son aquellos con múltiples comorbilidades, grados variables de inmunocompromiso, adultos mayores e individuos con desnutrición previa o secundaria a la enfermedad crítica. El impacto nutricional de la enfermedad crítica sobre el músculo estriado esquelético puede exacerbarse en algunos pacientes críticamente enfermos, los infectados por SARS-CoV-2 que requieren admisión a UCI.  Objetivo:  proporcionar una orientación práctica de utilidad para los clínicos basados en la evidencia clínica actualizada y considerando ciertas características claves distintivas de la infección grave por SARS-CoV-2.  Método:  se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura científica publicada hasta abril de 2020 en idiomas español e inglés. Conclusiones: la pandemia de COVID-19 determina un desafío sin precedentes en la UCI, dado que no existen al momento medidas preventivas demostradas para evitar la evolución a la enfermedad crítica y los tratamientos curativos disponibles en esta fase de la enfermedad carecen de evidencia clínica de calidad que los sustenten. En este escenario complejo es probable que las medidas que contribuyan a potenciar el sistema inmunitario y las terapias de sostén en la UCI (incluido el soporte nutricional) sean armas sustanciales contra las infecciones graves por SARS-CoV-2; sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios en el entorno de la UCI para realizar recomendaciones específicas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary  Introduction:  acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction, which determine admission to the ICU, are a significant cause of morbimortality in patients with COVID-19. The patients with the worst clinical outcome, including a shorter survival in the ICU, are those with multiple comorbilities, different immunocompromised states, older adults and individuals with a history of malnutrition or suffering from malnutrition secondary to a critical illness. The nutritional impact of the critical illness on the striated appearance of skeletal muscle fibers may be exacerbated in some critically ill patients who are infected with SARS-CoV-2 and need to be admitted to the ICU.  Objective: this article aims to provide useful practical guidelines for clinicians based on updated clinical evidence and considering a few key characteristics that are specific to severe infection caused by SARS-Cov-2.  Method: we conducted a thorough review of the scientific literature published until April 2020 in English and Spanish.  Conclusions: the COVID-19 pandemic causes an unprecedented challenge in the ICU since up until today, no preventive measures have been proved successful to avoid evolution to critical illness and the therapies available for this stage of the disease are supported by quality clinical evidence. Within this complex framework we may trust that the measures that contribute to strengthening the immune system and ICU life-support therapies (including nutritional therapy) constitute essential tools to fight against severe infections caused by SARS-Cov-2. However, further studies are needed in the ICU scenario for specific recommendations to be made.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  o desconforto respiratório agudo e a falência de múltiplos órgãos que determinam a admissão na UTI são causas importantes de morbimortalidade em pacientes com COVID-19. Os pacientes com os piores resultados clínicos, incluindo menor sobrevida na UTI, são aqueles com múltiplas comorbidades, graus variáveis ??de imunocomprometimento, idosos e indivíduos com desnutrição prévia ou secundária à doença crítica. O impacto nutricional da doença crítica no músculo esquelético pode ser exacerbado em alguns pacientes graves infectados com SARS-CoV-2 que requerem internação na UTI.  Objetivos: o objetivo deste artigo é fornecer orientação prática útil para os médicos baseada em evidências clínicas atualizadas e considerando certas características específicas principais da infecção grave por SARS-Cov-2.  Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão exaustiva da literatura científica publicada até abril de 2020 em espanhol e inglês.  Conclusões: a pandemia de COVID-19 determina um desafio sem precedentes na UTI, visto que atualmente não existem medidas preventivas comprovadas para prevenir a progressão a doença crítica e os tratamentos curativos disponíveis nesta fase da doença carecem de evidências clínicas de qualidade que os sustentem. Nesse cenário complexo, medidas que contribuem para estimular o sistema imunológico e terapias de suporte na UTI (incluindo suporte nutricional) são provavelmente armas substanciais contra infecções graves por SARS-Cov-2; no entanto, são necessários mais estudos em ambiente de UTI para fazer recomendações específicas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cuidados críticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Coronavirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Unidades de cuidados intensivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Apoyo nutricional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infecciones por coronavirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Critical care]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coronavirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Intensive care units]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Nutritional support]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coronavirus infections]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Cuidados críticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Coronavirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Unidades de terapia intensiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Apoio nutricional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Infecções por coronavirus]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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