<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-0390</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Médica del Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Méd. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-0390</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sindicato Médico del Uruguay]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-03902020000100023</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29193/rmu.36.1.2</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Incidencia de tuberculosis en pacientes que reciben fármacos anti-TNF(]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Incidence of tuberculosis in patients receiving tumor necrosis factor-( blockers]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Incidência de tuberculose em pacientes que recebem fármacos anti-TNF(]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gruss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piñeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abayubá]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gambogi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alemán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alicia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albornoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Henri]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Maciel Instituto del Tórax Cátedra de Neumología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Comisión Honoraria de Lucha Antituberculosa y Enfermedades Prevalentes  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fondo Nacional de Recursos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Social]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>23</fpage>
<lpage>43</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-03902020000100023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-03902020000100023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-03902020000100023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  la tuberculosis (TB) es una complicación frecuente del uso de fármacos anti-TNF(. Ocurre por reactivación de una infección latente o por progresión de una infección reciente.  Objetivos:  conocer la incidencia de TB en la población que recibió fármacos anti- TNF(, analizar las formas de presentación y la realización de pesquisa de infección latente previo al inicio del tratamiento.  Método:  estudio de cohorte retrospectiva. Se incluyeron los pacientes que recibieron fármacos anti- TNF( entre 2010 y 2016. Los datos se obtuvieron de los sistemas informáticos del Fondo Nacional de Recursos y del Programa Nacional de Tuberculosis. Se calculó la incidencia de TB y se describieron los casos que desarrollaron TB.  Resultados:  se incluyeron 991 tratamientos para un total de 980 pacientes. Se reportaron nueve casos de TB. La incidencia global fue de 419,9 (IC 95% 191,9-591,2) por 100.000 personas/año. Solo hubo casos de TB en pacientes tratados con adalimumab. El cribado de infección tuberculosa latente (ITBL) previo al inicio del fármaco fue heterogéneo y predominaron las formas de TB diseminadas (6/9) sobre la afectación pulmonar aislada (3/9). En todos los casos se suspendió el anti- TNF( al diagnóstico de TB y en ningún caso se retomó.  Conclusiones:  la incidencia de TB en la población de pacientes bajo tratamiento con anti- TNF( fue 16,5 veces mayor que en la población general. Predominaron las formas de TB diseminadas y se dieron casos en sujetos que habían recibido tratamiento de ITBL previo al inicio del fármaco, sugiriendo que el riesgo persiste mientras exista exposición a éste.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary:  Introduction:  tuberculosis (TB) is a frequent complication in patients receiving tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-() blockers. It occurs upon the reactivation of a latent infection or the progression of a recent infection.  Objective:  to learn about the incidence of TB in a population receiving tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-() blockers, to analyze the presentation of this condition and to conduct a latent infection research prior to the initiation of therapy.  Method:  retrospective cohort study. Patients receiving tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-() blockers between 2010 and 2016 were included in the study. Data were obtained from the IT systems of the National Resources Fund and the National Tuberculosis Program. The incidence of TB was calculated and the cases developing TB were described.  Results:  991 treatments were included for 980 patients in total. 9 cases of TB were reported. Global incidence was 419.9 (IC 95% 191.9-591.2) out of 100,000 people per year. Cases of TB were only seen in patients treated with adalimumab. Screening for LTBI upon initiation of the drug was heterogeneous and the disseminated forms of TB prevailed (6/9) over isolated pulmonary affectation (3/9). In all cases anti- TNF( was suspended when TB was diagnosed, and it was not reinitiated.  Conclusions:  the incidence of TB in patients receiving tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-() blockers was 16.5 times greater than in the general population. Disseminated forms of TB prevailed, and some cases occurred in individuals who had received LTBI therapy prior to the initiation of the drug, suggesting the risk persists as long as there is exposure to the drug.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução:  a tuberculose (TB) é uma complicação frequente do uso de fármacos anti- TNF(. É causada pela reativação de uma infecção latente ou pela evolução de uma infecção recente.  Objetivos:  conhecer a incidência de TB na população que recebeu fármacos anti- TNF(, analisar as formas de apresentação e a realização de pesquisa de infecção latente prévia ao início do tratamento.  Método:  estudo de coorte retrospectivo. Foram incluídos todos os pacientes que receberam fármacos anti- TNF( no período 2010-2016. Os dados foram obtidos dos registros informatizados do Fondo Nacional de Recursos e do Programa Nacional de Tuberculosis. A incidência de TB foi calculada e foram descritos os casos que desenvolveram esta patologia.  Resultados:  foram incluídos 991 tratamentos para um total de 980 pacientes. Nove casos de TB foram registrados. A incidência global foi de 419,9 (IC 95% 191,9-591,2) por 100.000 pessoas/ano. Somente foram registrados casos de TB em pacientes tratados com adalimumab. A triagem de infecção tuberculosa latente (ITBL) prévia ao início do fármaco foi heterogênea e predominaram as formas de TB disseminadas (6/9) sobre a pulmonar isolada (3/9). Em todos os casos o uso de anti- TNF( foi suspenso definitivamente quando o diagnóstico de TB foi realizado.  Conclusões:  a incidência de TB na população de pacientes em tratamento com anti- TNF( foi 16,5 vezes maior que na população em geral. Predominaram as formas disseminadas de TB e foram registrados casos em pacientes que haviam recebido tratamento para ITBL prévio ao início do fármaco, sugerindo que o risco persiste enquanto houver exposição a este.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis latente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Anti- TNF(]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factor de necrosis tumoral (]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Adalimumab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Etanercept]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infliximab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Golimumab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latent tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Anti- TNF(]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tumor necrosis factor-(]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Adalimumab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Etanercept]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Infliximab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Golimumabe]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Tuberculose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Tuberculose latente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Anti-TNF&#945;]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Fator de necrose tumoral-(]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Adalimumab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Etanercepte]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Infliximab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Golimumabe]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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