<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-4809</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Veterinaria (Montevideo)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Veterinaria (Montev.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-4809</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad de Medicina Veterinaria del Uruguay]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-48092018000100001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29155/vet.54.209.1</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Caída en la producción láctea, signos respiratorios agudos y muertes asociadas a estrés calórico en bovinos lecheros de Uruguay]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Drop in milk production, acute respiratory signs and deaths associated with heat stress in dairy cattle in Uruguay]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macías-Rioseco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Melissa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armendano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joaquín I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fraga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caffarena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rubén D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aráoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Virginia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcelo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giannitti F]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Federico]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riet-Correa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Franklin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA) Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Colonia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Buenos Aires Balcarce]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA) Unidad de Lechería ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Colonia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>209</numero>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>9</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-48092018000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-48092018000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-48092018000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En marzo de 2017 se registró un episodio clínico de estrés calórico en un tambo de vacas Holando en el suroeste de Uruguay. Tras la ingesta de la ración matutina, 6 de 189 vacas lactantes manifestaron disnea, ortopnea y respiración con la boca abierta. Cinco vacas se recuperaron, una murió durante el episodio y otra había muerto la noche anterior. No se encontraron lesiones en el tracto respiratorio. Los índices de temperatura y humedad (ITH) ambiental máximos fueron 83,5; 83,5 y 83,0, los días 27 y 28 de febrero y 1 de marzo, indicando una ola de calor, con estrés calórico moderado. No se detectaron ergoalcaloides en la ración. Los signos de comienzo abrupto, la ausencia de lesiones en el tracto respiratorio y los ITH moderadamente elevados por tiempo prolongado, indicaron un episodio agudo de estrés calórico con desenlace fatal. En el análisis retrospectivo se observó que el episodio clínico estuvo precedido de una reducción de la producción láctea desde el 15 de febrero al 2 de marzo, seguido de una recuperación parcial de la producción entre el 3 y el 15 de marzo, en asociación con una reducción del ITH. Este reporte marca la necesidad de implementar medidas adecuadas para prevenir y controlar el estrés calórico durante el verano en tambos de Uruguay.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary On March 2017, a clinical episode of heat stress in Holstein cows was diagnosed in a dairy farm from southwest Uruguay. After the consumption of the morning feed, 6 of 189 cows presented dyspnea, orthopnea, and open-mouth breathing. One cow died during the manifestation of these clinical signs, the other five cows recovered a few minutes afterwards. Another cow died the night before. There were no lesions in the respiratory system. The maximum Temperature Humidity Index (THI) recorded on February 27-28 and March 1 was 83.5, 83.5 and 83.0, respectively, indicating a heat wave and moderate heat stress. No ergoalkaloids were detected upon toxicological evaluation of the feed. The sudden onset of clinical signs, the lack of lesions in the respiratory tracts, and the moderately elevated THI registered for a prolonged period, indicated an acute clinical episode of heat stress with fatal outcome. The retrospective analysis of the daily THI and average milk production revealed that the clinical episode was preceded by a marked subclinical reduction of milk production from February 15 to March 2, associated with a high THI registered in that period. This was followed by a partial recovery of milk production between March 3 and March 15, in association with a concomitant reduction of the THI and, therefore, of heat stress. This report highlights the need for applying adequate mitigation strategies to prevent and control heat stress during summer in dairy cows in Uruguay.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bovinos Holando]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Clima]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedades Productivas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lechería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Signos Respiratorios.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Climate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dairy Farming]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Holstein Cattle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Production Diseases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Respiratory Signs.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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