<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-1249</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Pediatr. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-1249</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-12492024000101303</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31134/ap.95.1.10</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Acalasia esofágica de presentación inespecífica. A propósito de un caso clínico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Esophageal achalasia of nonspecific presentation. Clinical case study]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Acalasia esofágica apresentação inespecífica. Relato de caso]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bossio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodrigo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dapueto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vomero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Notejane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broggi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Loreley]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina Unidad Académica Pediatría B]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina Unidad Académica Pediatría B]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina Unidad Académica Cirugía Pediátrica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina Unidad Académica Pediatría B]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>95</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-12492024000101303&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-12492024000101303&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-12492024000101303&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  la acalasia es una entidad poco frecuente en pediatría. Es un desorden de la motilidad esofágica de tipo neurovegetativo, idiopático; aunque también puede ser secundario a infecciones, neoplasias y enfermedades autoinmunes. Se caracteriza por síntomas como disfagia, regurgitaciones, dolor y descenso ponderal. En adultos la manometría de alta resolución es el gold standard. En niños las dificultades técnicas complejizan su realización. En la actualidad la asociación de la impedanciometría intraesofágica con la manometría es el método diagnóstico más eficaz. El objetivo del tratamiento es mejorar el vaciamiento esofágico mediante la disminución del tono del esfínter esofágico inferior por métodos farmacológicos, endoscópicos o quirúrgicos. Actualmente la miotomía de Heller es de elección.  Caso clínico: escolar de 6 años, previamente sano, ingresado por regurgitaciones, dolor abdominal y adelgazamiento. Estudio radiográfico con bario con hallazgos compatibles con acalasia esofágica. Se descartaron causas secundarias. El tratamiento definitivo fue la miotomía de Heller con funduplicatura anterior de Dorr, presentando buena evolución clínica.  Discusión:  si bien la disfagia es el síntoma clave y en general guía el diagnóstico, es importante estar alertas a las formas clínicas atípicas con presentaciones inespecíficas, como en el caso clínico presentado, esto permite establecer un diagnóstico oportuno, evitando el impacto nutricional y psicosocial del niño y su familia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary:  Introduction: achalasia is a rare entity in pe-diatrics. It is an idiopathic neurovegetative esophageal motility disorder; although it can also be secondary to infections, neoplasias and autoimmune diseases. It is characterized by symptoms such as dysphagia, regurgitation, pain, and weight loss. In adults, high-resolution manometry is the gold standard. In children, technical difficulties complicate its realization. Currently, the association of intraesophageal impedance measurement with manometry is the most effective diagnostic method. The goal of treatment is to improve esophageal emptying by reducing the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter by pharmacological, en-doscopic, or surgical methods. Heller&#8217;s myotomy is currently the treatment of choice.  Clinical case:  a 6-year-old schoolboy, previous-ly healthy, admitted for regurgitation, abdomi-nal pain, and weight loss. Barium radiographic study with findings compatible with esopha-geal achalasia. Secondary causes were ruled out. The definitive treatment was Heller&#8217;s myotomy with Dorr&#8217;s anterior fundoplication, presenting good clinical evolution.  Discussion:  although dysphagia is the key symptom and in general it leads the diagnosis, it is important to be aware of atypical clinical forms with non-specific presentations as in the clinical case presented, which allows timely diagnosis, preventing the nutritional and psychosocial impact of the child and his family.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução:  a acalasia é uma entidade rara em pediatria. É um distúrbio neurovegetativo da motilidade esofágica idiopática; embora também possa ser secundária a infecções, neoplasias e doenças autoimunes. É caracterizada por sintomas como disfagia, regurgitação, dor e perda de peso. Em adultos, a manometria de alta resolução é o padrão ouro. Nas crianças, as dificuldades técnicas tornam a sua implementação mais complexa. Atualmente, a associação da impedanciometria intraesofágica com a manometria é o método diagnóstico mais eficaz. O objetivo do tratamento é melhorar o esvaziamento esofágico, reduzindo o tônus do esfíncter esofágico inferior por métodos farmacológicos, endoscópicos ou cirúrgicos. Atualmente a miotomia de Heller é de escolha.  Caso clínico:  escolar de 6 anos, previamente hígido, internado por regurgitação, dor abdominal e emagrecimento. Estudo radiográfico com bário com achados compatíveis com acalasia esofágica. As causas secundárias foram descartadas. O tratamento definitivo foi miotomia de Heller com fundoplicatura anterior de Dorr, com boa evolução clínica.  Discussão:  embora a disfagia seja o sintoma chave e geralmente oriente o diagnóstico, é importante estar atento às formas clínicas atípicas e com apresentações inespecíficas, como no caso clínico apresentado, isso permite estabelecer um diagnóstico oportuno, evitando o impacto nutricional e psicossocial da criança e de sua família.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Acalasia del Esófago]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Trastornos de Deglución]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vómitos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Miotomía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Achalasia of the Esophagus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Swallowing Disorders]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vomiting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Myotomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Acalasia do Esôfago]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Distúrbios de Deglutição]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Vômito]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Miotomia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reddy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dismotilidad]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kliegman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geme]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tasker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nelson Tratado de Pediatría]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<edition>21</edition>
<page-range>1932-3</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Barcelona ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sáez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pattillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vuletin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gattini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Miotomía endoscópica por vía oral (POEM) en un paciente pediátrico para tratamiento de la acalasia esofágica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Chil Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>88-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Errázuriz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Barbieri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acalasia en paciente pediátrico reporte de caso clínico y revisión de la literatura]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Chil Radiol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>174-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burdiles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la acalasia esofágica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gastroenterol Latinoam]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>^sSuppl 1</numero>
<issue>^sSuppl 1</issue>
<supplement>Suppl 1</supplement>
<page-range>S22-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Islas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castellanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acalasia congénita; a propósito de un caso]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Mex Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>146-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franklin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petrosyan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Childhood achalasia a comprehensive review of disease, diagnosis and therapeutic management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Gastrointest Endosc]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>105-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Güil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oviedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manzanares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montraveta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Etiología y manejo de la acalasia en pediatría revisión de casos en un centro de tercer nivel]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Pediatr Esp]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>3-4</numero>
<issue>3-4</issue>
<page-range>e17-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandolfino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miwa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2019 Seoul consensus on esophageal achalasia guidelines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurogastroenterol Motil]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>180-203</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acalasia en niños análisis de casos relacionados con corrección laparoscópica por miotomía de Heller, Clínica Fundación Valle de Lili]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Colomb Anestesiol]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>239-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Revisiones temáticas trastornos motores esofágicos primarios]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[RAPD]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>277-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rubio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cardioespasmo (Acalasia): a propósito de 2 observaciones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bol Soc Cir Urug]]></source>
<year>1958</year>
<page-range>189-219</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lasso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garrido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paredes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La acalasia en la infancia y la adolescencia, un reto terapéutico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cir Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>6-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macouzet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acalasia esofágica en paciente pediátrico reporte de un caso]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Inv Mat Inf]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>80-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boixeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trastornos motores del esófago]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montoro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Gastroenterología y hepatología: problemas comunes en la práctica clínica]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<edition>2</edition>
<page-range>243-50</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Jarpyo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amable]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armenteros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brizuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Manometría de alta resolución en la acalasia de esófago]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cub Med Mil]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pacheco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tratamiento actual de la acalasia, reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Metro Ciencia]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>25-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tashiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petrosyan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Current management of pediatric achalasia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jarzebicka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Czubkowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sieczkowska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kierkus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kowalski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stefanowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Achalasia in children-clinical presentation, diagnosis, long-term treatment outcomes, and quality of life]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Med]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>3917</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaezi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pandolfino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yadlapati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kavitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[ACG Clinical Guidelines Diagnosis and Management of Achalasia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>115</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1393-411</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goneidy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cory]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malakounides]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Surgical management of esophageal achalasia in pediatrics a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Pediatr Surg]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>13-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
