<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-1249</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Pediatr. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-1249</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Uruguaya de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-12492017000300168</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Montelukast en menores de 5 años con sibilancias recurrentes: ¿cuáles son sus beneficios?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Montelukast in children under 5 years old with recurrent wheezing: what are its benefits?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grarafoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Federico]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catenaccio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Valentina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Telechea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giachetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina. Depto. Farmacología y Terapéutica.]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina. Depto. Farmacología y Terapéutica.]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina. Depto. Farmacología y Terapéutica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDELAR Facultad de Medicina. Clínica Pediátrica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>168</fpage>
<lpage>172</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-12492017000300168&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-12492017000300168&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-12492017000300168&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  las sibilancias son frecuentes en la infancia. El uso de montelukast ha aumentado en los últimos años para el tratamiento de las sibilancias recurrentes. El objetivo de la presente revisión fue analizar la eficacia de montelukast en el tratamiento de las sibilancias recurrentes en menores de 5 años.  Metodología:  se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed con las siguientes palabras Mesh: &#8220;montelukast&#8221;, &#8220;wheezing&#8221;, &#8220;respiratory sound&#8221; y &#8220;preschool&#8221;. Se incluyeron estudios entre 2000-2016. La búsqueda fue limitada a ensayos clínicos controlados (ECC) y revisiones sistemáticas realizadas en menores de 5 años.  Resultados: se encontraron 5 ECC que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Las variables primarias de los estudios fueron variadas: número de exacerbaciones, ausencia se síntomas diurnos y nocturnos, uso de (2 agonistas, uso de glucocorticoides sistémicos, necesidad de uso de servicio de emergencia y de hospitalización. Los resultados fueron dispares entre los estudios. Las diferencias necesidad de consulta en emergencia (0,19 vs 0,28 eventos/año) y en la necesidad de hospitalización (0,07 vs 0,13 eventos/año). En otro de los ECC montelukast disminuyó la necesidad del uso de (2 y glucocorticoides sistémicos.  Conclusiones:  del análisis realizado se desprende que montelukast no ha demostrado beneficios sobre variables de impacto clínico tales como la necesidad de hospitalización. Es necesario interpretar con precaución las recomendaciones provenientes de las guías clínicas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary  Introduction: recurrent wheezing is frequent in children. The use of Montelukast has increased in the last years to treat recurrent wheezing. The study aims to analyze Montelukast&#8217;s efficacy in children younger than 5 years old with recurrent wheezing. Method: a PubMed search was conducted using the following Mesh words: "Montelukast", "wheezing", "respiratory sound" and "preschool", for the period between 2000 and 2016. Clinical trials and systematic reviews in children younger than 5 years old, were considered for the study. Results: five clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. The main outcomes of these trials were extremely variable (number of exacerbations, free symptoms, period of use of (2 agonists, use of corticosteroids, rate of hospitalization, and visit to the emergency department). Results were different between the analyzed trials. Montelukast was not better than placebo to reduce the number of visits to the emergency department (0.19 vs 0.28 events/year) and the hospitalization rate (0.07 vs 0.13 events/year). In another trial, Montelukast reduced the use of (2 agonists and corticosteroids. Conclusions: the study showed no effects of montelukast on reducing the incidence of recurrent wheezing in children younger than 5 years old.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Montelukast]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ruidos respiratorios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Preescolar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Montelukast]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Respiratory Sounds]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Child, Preschool]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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