<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1688-0390</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Médica del Uruguay]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Méd. Urug.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1688-0390</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sindicato Médico del Uruguay]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1688-03902021000101205</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29193/rmu.37.1.5</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Predictores de tuberculosis pulmonar y experiencia con su diagnóstico molecular rápido]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pulmonary tuberculosis predictors and rapid molecular diagnosis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Preditores de tuberculose pulmonar e experiência com o diagnóstico molecular rápido]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Outeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matilde]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marchissio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elizabeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gadea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Labadie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ivana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alice]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seija]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Verónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Medicina Hospital de Clínicas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,ASSE Hospital Pasteur ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Medicina Hospital de Clínicas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,ASSE Hospital Pasteur ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,ASSE Hospital Pasteur ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de la República Facultad de Medicina Hospital de Clínicas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1688-03902021000101205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1688-03902021000101205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1688-03902021000101205&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: A nivel mundial se estima que en 2018 hubo alrededor de 10 millones de nuevos casos de tuberculosis (TBC). La detección molecular es una herramienta diagnóstica crecientemente utilizada para el diagnóstico de TBC. Los predictores de riesgo para TBC pulmonar son variados y varían de acuerdo a la población estudiada. Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: evaluar la performance de la detección de M. tuberculosis por la técnica Xpert® MTB/RIF para el diagnóstico de TBC pulmonar y determinar los factores predictores de presencia de esta enfermedad en pacientes asistidos en el Hospital Pasteur de Montevideo. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Se incluyeron 254 pacientes, 68 con TBC pulmonar. La sensibilidad de la prueba Xpert® MTB/RIF para detectar M. tuberculosis fue 100% (IC 95%: 91,2-100) y la especificidad 95,1% (IC 95%: 83,9-98,7). En el análisis multivariado se evidenció que los predictores independientes para presencia de TBC pulmonar fueron: contacto cercano con otro caso de TBC (p&lt;0,001), consumo de pasta base de cocaína (p=0,006) y presentarse con adelgazamiento (p&lt;0,001). En suma, la prueba Xpert® MTB/RIF se comportó como una excelente herramienta diagnóstica en nuestra población con elevada prevalencia de TBC pulmonar. Los predictores independientes para esta enfermedad indican que en la población analizada las estrategias de control de esta enfermedad requieren un abordaje multidisciplinario.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Summary: According to global estimations, there were approximately 10 million new cases of tuberculosis in 2018. Molecular diagnosis constitutes a rapidly growing diagnostic tool for tuberculosis. Risk predictors for pulmonary tuberculosis are varied and they depend on the population studied. The study aimed to assess the performance of M. tuberculosis detection by use of Xpert® MTB/RIF diagnostic test to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis and to identify predictive factors for this disease in patients assisted at Pasteur Hospital in Montevideo.  A descriptive, observational and transversal study was conducted, which included 254 patients, 68 of which had pulmonary tuberculosis. Sensitivity of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay to detect M. tuberculosis was 100% (CI 95%: 91.2-100) and specificity 95.1% (CI 95%: 83.9-98.7). Multivariate analysis evidenced the following to be the independent predictors that detect pulmonary tuberculosis: close contact with other cases of tuberculosis (p&lt;0.001), coca-paste consumption (p=0.006) and evidence of loss of weight (p&lt;0,001). To sum up, the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay proved to be an excellent diagnostic tool in our population with a high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Independent predictors for this disease show that, in the population studied, control strategies require a multidisciplinary approach.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: Globalmente, estima-se que em 2018 ocorreram cerca de 10 milhões de novos casos de tuberculose (TB). A detecção molecular é uma ferramenta diagnóstica cada vez mais usada para seu diagnóstico. Os preditores de risco para TB pulmonar são diversos e variam de acordo com a população estudada. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: avaliar o desempenho da detecção do M. tuberculosis pela técnica Xpert MTB/RIF para o diagnóstico da TB pulmonar e determinar os fatores preditivos da presença desta doença em pacientes atendidos no Hospital Pasteur de Montevidéu. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, observacional e transversal. 254 pacientes foram incluídos, 68 com TB pulmonar. A sensibilidade do teste Xpert® MTB/RIF para detectar M. tuberculosis foi de 100% (IC 95%: 91,2-100) e a especificidade de 95,1% (IC 95%: 83,9- 98,7). A análise multivariada mostrou que os preditores independentes para a presença de tuberculose pulmonar foram: contato próximo com outro caso de tuberculose (p &lt;0,001), consumo de pasta base de cocaína (p = 0,006) e apresentar perda de peso (p &lt;0,001). Em suma, o teste Xpert® MTB/RIF se comportou como uma excelente ferramenta diagnóstica em nossa população com alta prevalência de TB pulmonar. Os preditores independentes para essa doença indicam que, na população analisada, as estratégias de controle da doença requerem uma abordagem multidisciplinar.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diagnóstico molecular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Molecular diagnostics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Tuberculose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Diagnóstico molecular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Fatores de risco]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Global tuberculosis report 2019]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Honoraria para la Lucha Antituberculosa y Enfermedades Prevalentes</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe tuberculosis 2018]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CHLA-EP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narasimhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Macintyre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors for tuberculosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pul Med]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>828939</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosis of tuberculosis disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Core curriculum on tuberculosis: what the clinician should know]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>75-108</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[CDC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Automated real-time nucleic acid amplification technology for rapid and simultaneous detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance: Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB in adults and children. Policy update]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Rapid implementation of the Xpert MTB/RIF diagnostic test. Technical and operational 'How-to' practical considerations]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización Panamericana de la Salud</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Manual para el diagnóstico bacteriológico de la tuberculosis. Normas y guía técnica]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OPS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio de Salud, CHLA-EP, Facultad de Medicina</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Guía nacional para el manejo de la tuberculosis]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vallejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Searle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Xpert MTB/RIF en el diagnóstico de tuberculosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Chil Enf Respir]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>127-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Helb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Story]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boehme]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rapid detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampin resistance by use of on-demand, near-patient technology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Microbiol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>229-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blakemore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Story]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Helb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kop]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Banada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Owens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of the analytical performance of the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Microbiol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>2495-501</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tasbakan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cavusoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis and detection of rifampin resistance in pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Microbiol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>4138-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rachow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saathoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mangu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dawson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF assay as an early sputum biomarker of response to tuberculosis treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Respirator Med]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>462-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Theron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Esmail]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Randall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[False-positive Xpert MTB/RIF results in retested patients with previous tuberculosis frequency, profile, and prospective clinical outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Microbiol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>e01696-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Honoraria para la Lucha Antituberculosa y Enfermedades Prevalentes</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Programa Nacional de Control de la Tuberculosis. Informe Año 2014. Cifras Definitivas]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CHLA-EP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasheed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SO]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnostic accuracy of xpert MTB/RIF in sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cureus]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenway]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menzies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fanning]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grewal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yuan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fitzgerald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Delay in diagnosis among hospitalized patients with active tuberculosis - predictors and outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Respir Crit Care Med]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>165</volume>
<page-range>927-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morrison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hopewell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection in close contacts of people with pulmonary tuberculosis in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>359-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abin-Carriquiry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Busi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galvalisi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Minteguiaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scorza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identification and quantification of cocaine and active adulterants in coca-paste seized samples: useful scientific support to health care]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurotox Res]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>295-304</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moraes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scorza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abin-Carriquiry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pascale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Umpiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Consumo de pasta base de cocaína en Uruguay en el embarazo, su incidencia, características y repercusiones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Ped Urug]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<page-range>100-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garfein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tuberculosis and illicit drug use review and update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>72-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leonhardt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gentile]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilbert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aiken]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A cluster of tuberculosis among crack house contacts in San Mateo County, California]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Public Health]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<page-range>1834-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meléndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among crack and injection drug users in San Juan, Puerto Rico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[P R Health Sci J]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>233-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Story]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bothamley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hayward]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crack cocaine and infectious tuberculosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Emerg Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>1466-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[do Valle Leone de Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coimbra Motta-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Oliveira Landgraf de Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stábile]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mello Miranda Paniago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tuberculosis infection among cocaine crack users in Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Drug Policy]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<page-range>24-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baldwin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tashkin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buckley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubinett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Marijuana and cocaine impair alveolar macrophage function and cytokine production]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Respir Crit Care Med]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>156</volume>
<page-range>1606-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whittaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salehi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tashkin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baldwin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mechanisms for impaired effector function in alveolar macrophages from marijuana and cocaine smokers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neuroimmunol]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>147</volume>
<page-range>82-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Observatorio Uruguayo de Drogas</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Pasta Base de Cocaína en Uruguay. Compilación]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OUD]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guimarães]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MDC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ICG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Drug addiction and alcoholism as predictors for tuberculosis treatment default in Brazil a prospective cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Epidemiol Infect]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>145</volume>
<page-range>3516-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madeira de Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altmayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alves Sidney-Filho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schneider Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Tarso Dalcin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predictors of noncompliance to pulmonary tuberculosis treatment an insight from South America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plos One]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>13</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
