Resumo

SANGUINETTI, Maximiliano; CAIROLI, Ernesto; D´ALBORA, Ricardo  e  MONACO, María Julia. Autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss: when to consider and how to treat?. Rev. Urug. Med. Int. [online]. 2026, vol.11, e403.  Epub 01-Dez-2029. ISSN 2393-6797.  https://doi.org/10.26445/11.01.5.

Autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a rare cause of sudden and rapidly progressive SNHL in adults. It can present as an isolated clinical manifestation of autoimmune disease or as part of an underlying systemic autoimmune or inflammatory disease. There are no specific immunological or inflammatory markers, and its diagnosis should be considered when it presents as rapidly progressive SNHL, which is a red flag for suspecting an immune-mediated disease of the inner ear. Once SNHL is diagnosed, regardless of the etiology, treatment should begin with glucocorticoids as first-line therapy. In cases of autoimmune SNHL, treatment should be continued with immunosuppressants. There is no specific recommendation for immunosuppressants, but methotrexate may be the initial option.

Palavras-chave : sensorineural hearing loss; autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss; autoimmune inner ear disease; prednisone; immunosuppressants; methotrexate.

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