Introduction:

COPD is a disease of high prevalence, inflammatory base and systemic involvement, associated with multiple comorbidities that synergistically affect the quality of life and prognosis of patients.

Objective:

To describe the main demographic characteristics of a population of patients with COPD. Assess the most frequent comorbidities and their relationship with the disease.

Materials and methods:

Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study from October 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016. Inclusion criteria: both sexes, over 40 years of age, clinical and compatible risk factors or previous diagnosis of COPD. Exclusion criteria: moderate-severe cognitive impairment, prostrate patients, pregnant women, active pulmonary tuberculosis, neuromuscular diseases. Sampling done for convenience.

Results:

61 patients received, COPD was confirmed by spirometry in 42. Mean age was 63 years (± 11) and it predominated in males (24, 57.1%). The majority had low educational level (incomplete primary in 15 patients, 35.7%). Smoking was found in 100% as a risk factor, alcoholism in 14 patients (33.3%) and obesity in 10 (23.8%), with a maximum BMI of 41 and a mean of 25.79 ± 6.83 Kg / m2. Of the comorbidities investigated, hypertension is the most frequent, followed by associated respiratory diseases (asthma, interstitial diseases and OSAHS) in 6 patients, 14.3%. Other comorbidities such as dyslipidemia (8 patients, 19%), diabetes mellitus (6 patients, 14.3%), ischemic heart disease (4 patients, 9.5%), PBC (3 patients, 7.1%), HIV infection (2 patients, 4.8%) and chronic kidney disease (1 patient, 2.4%) were also analyzed.

Conclusions:

Average age and sex coincide with international data. Low and medium level of education predominated, which has implications in the understanding of the disease and comorbidities. The main risk factor for the development of the disease is smoking. 100% of patients had comorbidities. HTA and alcoholism are the most frequent. There is a significant relationship between COPD and the presence of endocrine-metabolic disorders such as obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes. The presence of other respiratory diseases is a diagnostic challenge. The relationship with CBP is always close because of sharing smoking as an etiological agent. The number and type of comorbidities are related to short-term vital prognosis when patients are hospitalized, in an exacerbation of COPD.

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