Resumen

KSIAZENICKI, Mariana et al. Transcutaneous CO₂ monitoring contributes to the subclassification of obstructive sleep apnea. Anfamed [online]. 2025, vol.12, n.2, e203.  Epub 01-Dic-2025. ISSN 2301-1254.  https://doi.org/10.25184/anfamed2025v12n2a6.

Hypercapnia resulting from sleep apnea is a significant pathophysiological consequence that can lead to cardiac, circulatory, neurological, and renal dysfunction. This topic of research has been the subject of recent research since transcutaneous CO2 measurement became available. Its prevalence in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and its predictive factors are not fully understood. Although different sleep apnea phenotypes have been described, PtCO2 monitoring has not been frequently used for classification. The objective of this study is to present a review of 242 patients presenting for sleep apnea, who underwent complete polysomnography and transcutaneous CO2 pressure monitoring. Increased CO2 during sleep was present in 23.6% of patients. The waking PtCO2 level allowed classification into groups with varying degrees of severity and was the most significant predictor of increased CO2. Plasma bicarbonate, time spent in apnea, and REM sleep periods with persistent oxygen desaturation were the most frequently associated factors. Including sleep hypercapnia among the characteristics for subclassifying the syndrome could contribute to specific and personalized treatment.

Palabras clave : Hypercapnia; transcutaneous CO₂ pressure; obstructive sleep apnea; obesity-hypoventilation syndrome; phenotypes.

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