Introduction:

Neonatal depression is one of the most frequent causes of admission of newborns to specialized units of neonatal care. Perinatal asphyxia is one of the causes of low Apgar score, and it is one of the clinical criteria for its diagnosis. Main risk factors associated with low Apgar scores can be maternal (age, obstetric pathologies, socioeconomic level, addictions, etc.), of labor and delivery or, fetal alterations.

Objective:

To determine the perinatal factors associated with the low Apgar score at 5 minutes.

Design:

Retrospective study of cases and controls in 2015 and 2016. Institution: Maternity, Women Hospital, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Patients:

We included all term newborns with Apgar at 5 minutes less than or equal to 5.

Results:

There was a total of 12,528 births of term full-term newborns in the HM. 34 cases of newborns with Apgar at 5 minutes less than or equal to 5. This corresponds to 0.27% of the population. No statistically significant differences were identified regarding the main factors associated with perinatal asphyxia.

Conclusions:

In the analysis of this population, most of the analyzed factors are not associated with cases of Apgar at 5 minutes less than or equal to 5 (moderate-severe neonatal depression), so that most of these cases may not be avoidable.

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