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Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay
versión impresa ISSN 0004-0584versión On-line ISSN 1688-1249
Resumen
NOTEJANE, Martín et al. Urticaria and anaphylaxia at a Pediatric Emergency Department in a uruguayan reference hospital: clinical and epidemiological trial. Arch. Pediatr. Urug. [online]. 2018, vol.89, n.5, pp.311-319. ISSN 0004-0584. https://doi.org/10.31134/ap.89.5.3.
Introduction:
skin lesions are a common cause of emergency consultation. Urticaria should be considered a clinical symptom and not a disease in itself, therefore it is important to recognize its presentation, severity and possible etiologies in order to define appropriate and timely treatment.
Objective:
describe the prevalence, clinical, etiological and evolutionary characteristics of urticaria alone or accompanied by angioedema and / or anaphylaxis at the Emergency Department of the Pereira Rossell Pediatric Hospital between 7/1/2015- 6/31/2016.
Materials and methods:
retrospective study carried out through the review of medical records. All children diagnosed with urticaria were included. Variables: age, gender, clinical characteristics, etiologies, tests, treatments, evolution.
Results:
the prevalence of urticarial consultation was 0.8% (405 / 51,829), males 54.2%; median age 4.3 years (22 days - 14 years). Skin symptoms only 69.6%; without angioedema 83.4%, apyrectic 73.4%, anaphylactic: two cases. Etiology: infectious 29.5%; 78% respiratory infections. At least 1 complementary test was prescribed in 16.8% of the cases. Treatments: 100% antihistamines, 45.2% corticosteroids, 0.8% adrenaline (2 cases of anaphylaxis). 96.8% were discharged and 3.2% were hospitalized, no deaths took place.
Conclusion:
urticaria accounted for 0.8% of the consultations recorded. Children under 3 years of age were the most affected group by urticaria mostly without angioedema. The most common etiology was infectious. A low percentage of patients were hospitalized. Anaphylactic shock should be considered for the case of children with hemodynamic failure and skin lesions. Support measures and early adrenaline administration improve prognosis.
Palabras clave : Anaphylaxis; Angioedema; Urticaria.