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Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay
versión impresa ISSN 0004-0584versión On-line ISSN 1688-1249
Resumen
ESTRAGO, Virginia et al. An approach to overweight/obesity and hypertension in children. Arch. Pediatr. Urug. [online]. 2018, vol.89, n.5, pp.301-310. ISSN 0004-0584. https://doi.org/10.31134/ap.89.5.2.
The purpose of this study is to determine HBP prevalence in school children from 10 to 13 years of age at public schools in Montevideo and to learn about the link between the prevalence of excess weight/obesity and HBP.
Population and sampling methods:
transversal trial carried out in a representative sample of Montevideo public school children of 10-13 years of age from October 2015 to June 2016. We measured HBP and monitored nutritional status though the measurement of: weight, height and waist circumference. Diagnoses were carried out as per the recommendations of the Fourth Report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of high Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. Their nutritional status based on Body Mass Index BMI was diagnosed as per the WHO 2007 criteria, and Waist Circumference WC as per the references provided by Fernández J, et al.
Results:
1,346 children were surveyed in 48 schools and 1,297 participated in the survey, 708 girls of a median age of 11.8 years of age. Normal BP was detected in 1,120 children, pre-hypertension (preHTA) in 79 and HTA in 98. Normal weight was detected in 783 niños, overweight in 347, obesity in 148 and severe obesity in 24 children. Early Stage HBP prevalence was found in 7,3% (IC: 5,6-8,9) and HBP in 7,8% (IC: 6,1-9,6). No statistically significant differences regarding Early Stage HBP or HBP prevalence were found regarding gender, age or social or cultural level. Early Stage HBP and HBP prevalence in normal weighted children was 11.4%, compared to that of overweight children which was 21.9 % (p=0.003). A more significant link was found between WC higher than 90 and altered BP.
Conclusions:
This trial found a higher prevalence of early stage HBP and HBP than that of previous national reports. We found a positive link between Early Stage HBP, HBP and overweight and obesity, assessed through BMI, WC higher than 90 in the age group surveyed.
Palabras clave : Pediatric obesity; Overweight; Hypertension; Prevalence; Surveys and questionnaires.