Resumen

CAPOTE, Gabriela et al. Encefalomielitis difusa aguda en la edad pediátrica. Arch. Pediatr. Urug. [online]. 2009, vol.80, n.3, pp.184-195. ISSN 1688-1249.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, immune mediated, which is more common in childhood. Its diagnosis is based on clinical confirmation of acute demyelinating process through the MRI and the exclusion of other diagnoses according to the criteria proposed in the consensus of experts of the International Pediatric MS Study Group. The evolution of knowledge and new diagnostic criteria justify a revision of the item. We performed a retrospective descriptive study based on review of medical records of a consecutive series of 12 patients under age 15 admitted to the Pediatric Hospital Pereira Rossell Hospital Center with diagnosis of ADEM from 1 January 2000 to December 31, 2007 and its subsequent monitoring at the Chair of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and the Pediatric Neurology Service of the hospital. While presented with severe acute encephalopathy, the outcome was good in most patients, although two patients had motor sequelae and one secondary epilepsy and cognitive impairment. In 11 patients the disease had a monophasic course. The importance of clinical and imaging follow-up is that there are ways less frequent relapse or recurrence. It should also be considered a first demyelinating event, indistinguishable from ADEM, constitutes the debut of multiple sclerosis, as in a case of this series.

Palabras clave : ENCEPHALOMYELITIS , ACUTE DISSEMINATED; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING.

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