Abstract

GARCIA GARIGLIO, LORELEY et al. Diarrea con sangre.: Etiología y tratamiento antibiótico en niños asistidos en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell. Enero 2003-abril 2004. Arch. Pediatr. Urug. [online]. 2005, vol.76, n.4, pp.285-288. ISSN 1688-1249.

Introduction: bloody diarrhea is still a frequent cause of hospitalization. It constitutes 15% approximately of all cases of diarrhea. The morbimortality is high. Shigella spp is the agent most frequently isolated. OMS/OPS and others authorities recommend antimicrobial therapy because symptoms are diminished; it prevents complications and shortens its excretion. The selection of an antibiotic is complicated by the increased resistance found. Objective: to describe microbiologic findings and analyse the application of the recommended treatment in hospitalized children. Material and methods: a retrospective revision of all patients hospitalized with bloody diarrhea from January 1st 2003 til April 1st 2004, was realized. Age, admission criteria, stool culture results, evolution, and antimicrobial therapy were the aspects analyzed. Results: 498 patients with bloody diarrhea were assisted in 2003. Of these, 102 were less than a year old, representing 30% of admissions by diarrhea (n= 344). During the first three months of 2004, 1180 children with diarrhea were assisted; 202(17.1%) had bloody diarrhea. 52 (25.7%) were infants less than a year old, representing 22.3% of hospitalizations due to diarrhea (n=233). 700 stool cultures were obtained; 638(91%) were negative.  51 S. flexneri, 3 S. sonnei, and 8 Salmonella sp were isolated in both periods. All admitted patients were treated with ceftriaxone. Non-hospitalized patients( n=546 ) received: azithromycin( 283 ), trimethoprim ( 193 ), cefuroxime axetil( 18 ), amoxicillin( 2 ). 50 patients didn't receive antibiotics. None of them died. Conclusions: S. flexneri is still the most frequently isolated agent. No patient died. Clinical and laboratory surveillance is necessary in order to improve treatment.

Keywords : DIARRHEA-etiology; DIARRHEA-therapy.

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