Resumo

IRAOLA, INéS et al. La neumonía del niño hospitalizado de cinco a catorce años de edad. Arch. Pediatr. Urug. [online]. 2005, vol.76, n.3, pp.196-201. ISSN 1688-1249.

Summary Introduction: bacterial pneumonia in children under 5 years old cause worldwide severe morbidity and mortality, therefore deserve efforts for their control. Besides, also older children with pneumonia represent an important burden of disease for health services. To assess the burden of pneumonia in hospitalised children 0 to 14 years old, a 3-years population–based study was carried out. Objective: analyse available data on clinical- radiographic characteristics and the incidence rate of pneumonia in children 5 to 14 years of age in order to recommend preventive strategies. Methods: a prospective study was performed in the northwest area of Uruguay (Deptos. Paysandú and Salto) covering an exposed population of 43.103 children 5 to 14 years old. All admitted patients with lower acute respiratory infection and a chest xR were enrolled in the study. Standardized interpretation of chest xR enabled to classify them as consolidated and non consolidated pneumonias. Results: out of 2.658 enrolled patients, 474 (17,8%) were children 5 to 14 years old. Pneumonia cases predominated, among children 5 to 7 years of age (59,5%) and during the second semester of the year (59,3%). Previous hospitalisations and frequency of antibiotherapy showed statistically significant differences between patients with consolidated (n=228) and non consolidated pneumonia (n=134). Incidence rate of consolidated pneumonia was 151 x 100.000 for the first year of the study. Ten patients required intensive care and five died. Conclusions: almost one fifth of the total population were five years old or older. The incidence rate, the intensive care requirement and the recorded fatalities in this age group point to the need of preventive measures, that can be achieved with the antipneumococcus 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine

Palavras-chave :  PNEUMONIA;  RADIOGRAPHY, THORACIC;  CHILD, HOSPITALIZED.

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