Resumen

ESTRADA, Alejandro et al. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: how do we evaluate the risk of sudden death in 2018?. Rev.Urug.Cardiol. [online]. 2018, vol.33, n.3, pp.252-279. ISSN 0797-0048.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most frequent cardiac muscle disorders associated with sudden cardiac death, heart failure and thromboembolism. Ventricular fibrillation is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, followed by asystole, pulseless electrical activity, and complete atrioventricular block. The substrate behind these complex arrhythmias is the hypertrophy due to myocardial disarray and fibrosis, facilitating the development of reentrant arrhythmias and triggered activity. An implanted cardioverter defibrillator is the treatment of choice, so the identification of high risk patients for ventricular fibrillation is crucial. Implanted cardioverter defibrillator indication is well established in sudden cardiac death secondary prevention, but not in patients without evidence of ventricular fibrillation or sustained ventricular tachycardia, which configures the sudden cardiac death primary prevention group. Identification of sudden cardiac death risk factors is derived from clinical data, complementary studies and validated in risk stratification models. These are: early age at diagnosis, family history of sudden death, unexplained syncope, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, abnormal blood pressure response with exercise, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, severe left ventricular hypertrophy, left atrial enlargement and late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The proper use of two available main risk stratification models helps us to estimate the individual patient´s risk and to proceed consequently.

Palabras clave : Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; Death sudden cardiac; Arrhythmias cardiac.

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