Resumen

CARABETTI, José Aníbal Manfredi. Diabetic cardiomyopathy. Rev.Urug.Cardiol. [online]. 2017, vol.32, n.3, pp.264-276. ISSN 0797-0048.  https://doi.org/10.29277/ruc/32.3.7.

Coronary heart disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus are independent risk factors for heart failure and death. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the common etiologies of cardiac disease in patients with diabetes type 1 or 2. Although DCM is often considered as the cause of heart disease when arterial hypertension, valvulopathies and atherothrombotic coronary artery are excluded, they coexist frequently, as well as with cardiovascular neuropathy. In patients with DCM, serological and imaging tests can show alterations at the molecular, metabolic, mitochondrial, cellular and tissue levels with fatty infiltration of the heart muscle, linked to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and lipotoxicity by fatty free acids, which are responsible for the development of the cardiomyopathy. The DCM first determines left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, later systolic dysfunction and heart failure. It is diagnosed by serological tests of multiple biological markers and by imaging tests that demonstrate ventricular dysfunction and improve the prognostic prediction of cardiovascular disease in diabetics. Based on these tests, a classification by stages or clinical phenotypes of DCM, which aims at its early diagnosis, has been proposed. It can be asymptomatic or be responsible for symptoms and severe manifestations such as heart failure, arrhythmias and sudden death, and may associate hypertension, coronary disease, other manifestations of microangiopathy and atherothrombotic macroangiopathy and cardiovascular mortality. The prevention and intensive multifactorial and personalized treatment of diabetes and all its metabolic and cardiac alterations, improve quality and prolong life. It is expected that ongoing and future research will determine breakthroughs in the prevention and treatment of DCM, which is one of the serious threats to the health of mankind.

Palabras clave : Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic cardiomyopathies/ prevention & control; Diabetic cardiomyopathies/therapy; Signs and symptoms; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures.

        · resumen en Español     · texto en Español     · Español ( pdf )