Abstract

TRUJILLO, Pedro et al. Treatment of coronary restenosis: experience with paclitaxel eluting balloon. Rev.Urug.Cardiol. [online]. 2015, vol.30, n.2, pp.160-168. ISSN 1688-0420.

Objective: clinical, angiographic and intracoronary ultrasound analysis of a series of cases of conventional in-stent restenosis (ISR) treated with paclitaxel eluting balloon (PEB) with 12 months follow up. Method: an analysis of three evolutionary stages called “previous”, “index” and “control” of a series of cases of stent restenosis (ISR) treated with paclitaxel eluting balloon (PEB) is performed. The previous event is the clinical situation which led to the  initial bare-metal stent (BMS) implant, on which a retrospective clinical and angiographic analysis is done. The index event, which corresponds to the acquisition of the patient, is the restenotic evolution of the initial BMS and included a clinical analysis, angiography and angioplasty with PEB. The event control includes the clinical, angiographic and ultrasonographic analysis at one year. The researched variables were baseline characteristics of the population, clinical presentation, coronary arteries and sectors involved, the type of ISR, the minimum luminal diameter (MLD) and minimal lumen area (MLA) by angiography and additionally by ultrasonography. Results: 8 patients were included. The mean age was 57 years old. Clinical conditions that led to the initial angioplasty were: 4 acute coronary syndromes with persistent ST-segment elevation, 2 non Q wave acute myocardial infarctions and 2 unstable anginas (UA). The clinical presentations at the time of ISR diagnosis, in which PEB was applied were: 3 UA, 4 non Q wave acute myocardial infarctions and 1 asymptomatic patient with ischemia demonstrated by functional studies. Arteries involved were: 2 proximal anterior descending arteries, 3 mid anterior descending arteries, 1 mid circumflex artery and 2 mid right coronary arteries. 7 patients had diffuse ISR and 1 focal ISR. Clinical follow-up at 6,9 and 12 months after PEB angioplasty  observed one not cardiovascular death and one lost at follow-up, the remainings patients were asymptomatics. Angiographic follow up showed ISR in 1 case. The image analysis determined that on average the MLD and MLA increase twice and four and a half times respectively between events “index” and “control”. Average late loss (final reduction in DLM) was 0,47 mm. No complications related to the use of PEB occurred. Conclusion: the use of PEB in the treatment of ISR BMS resulted in a gain of DLM and ALM maintained at one year, recording no complications attributable to the procedure.

Keywords : CORONARY RESTENOSIS; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; CASE REPORTS.

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