Resumen

MAYOL, Jorge; PERNA, Abayubá; ALBORNOZ, Henry  y  SOCIEDAD URUGUAYA DE CARDIOLOGIA. Comité de Hemodinamia. Angioplastia en el infarto agudo de miocardio dentro de las 24 horas de evolución: Análisis de la casuística uruguaya 2004-2012. Rev.Urug.Cardiol. [online]. 2014, vol.29, n.1, pp.6-16. ISSN 1688-0420.

Objective: to know the current state of Primary Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) in Uruguay. Introduction: The PTCA is the preferred reperfusion strategy in the first 12 hours of acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI). It has been used in Uruguay since the 80 ‘s, but since 2002 there has been no national published data on this topic. Methods: a historical cohort of patients treated with PTCA within 24 hours of STEMI from January 2004 to December 2012 in Uruguay under financial coverage of  the “National Resources Fund” (FNR) were analyzed. Origin, age, sex, type of assistance coverage, presence of vascular risk factors, Killip-Kimbal class, previous use of fibrinolytics (FBL), evidence of reperfusion , angiographic features and technical aspects of the procedure were anonymized and analyzed. Mortality was analyzed for the same day of the procedure, at 30 days, one year and five years. Results: from a total of 26.058 coronary angioplasties in the period, 7.742 were under the diagnosis of STEMI £ 24 hours (29.7 %), in 7.337 patients with a median follow-up of 4.3 years. The mean age was 62.9 (SD 12.2 years , range 18 to 95) and 69.1 % were male. 5.130 patients (66.2 %) lived in Montevideo and 2.612 (33.7%) in the rest of the country. The radial approach (recorded since 2010) was used in 88.9 %. Overall mortality was 2.1 % (159/7.742 patients) for the same day of the procedure, 7.7% (598/7.742 patients) at 30 days , 12.2% (816/6.694 patients) at one year and 22.7 % (699/3.079 patients) at 5 years. 567 patients (7.3%) were pre-treated with FBL, with lower one year mortality for those who had evidence of reperfusion (Chi square test, p = 0.047). Severe one vessel disease had a lower mortality than severe multivessel disease and/or left main disease for each temporary cuts considered (Chi square test, p < 0.0001). Multivessel angioplasty was performed in 657 patients (8.5 %) and was an independent risk factor for mortality (OR 1.5 , 95% CI 1.2-1.8 , p < 0.001). Conclusion: PTCA is an effective and safe reperfusion strategy in STEMI in Uruguay, with early and late mortality adjusted to international registries. The groups identified at highest risk of death were women, elderly, higher Killip-Kimball class, multivessel disease, involvement of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and multivessel PTCA. These results reflect a clinical practice with a high standard of quality in Uruguay

Palabras clave : ANGIOPLASTY, CORONARY; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.

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