Resumen

CERUTI, Beatriz et al. Trasplante cardíaco: Experiencia de 15 años del Instituto de Cardiología Infantil. Rev.Urug.Cardiol. [online]. 2012, vol.27, n.3, pp.273-285. ISSN 1688-0420.

The cardiac transplant is the treatment of choice for the cardiac insufficiency when there is not another therapeutic alternative that prolongs the life expectancy. On December 1996 we begin the program of Cardiac Insufficiency and Transplants of the Institute of Pediatric Cardiology, achieving the first cardiac transplant in a 14-year-old child in Uruguay. Three years later we put in practice the program of cardiac transplant in adults. The objective is to show our experience in the area of cardiac transplantation. We carry out a descriptive analysis of the cardiac transplants done in 15 years, concerning age distribution, indications, immunosuppressant protocol, surgical technique, complications to short, medium and long term and actuarial survival curve. Results: 76 cardiac transplants were done: 23 in children and 53 in adults. Regarding the etiology that led to the transplant: in children under 1 year, 100% were congenital heart disease, between 1 and 10 years, 50% were idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, 40% to 10% congenital heart disease and tumors; 11 to 17 years 50% to congenital heart disease and 50% to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. In adults, 51% were idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic cardiomyopathy 37%, the rest for valvular and congenital heart disease etiology. Complications included cellular rejection in 25%, bacterial infection in 30%, a case of peritoneal tuberculosis (13%) and three cases of reactivation of cytomegalovirus (3,9%) Two cases of tumor involvement (26%). Two cases with graft vascular disease, who received a retransplant at seven and five years after transplantation, with good performance later. The actuarial survival curve according to the ten years is 70% for adults and 45% for children. Conclusion: cardiac transplantation remains a valid therapeutic alternative in patients with terminal heart failure

Palabras clave :  CARDIOMYOPATHY, DILATED; CARDIAC TRANSPLANT.

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