Resumen

VAZQUEZ, HORACIO et al. Control del riesgo cardiovascular postinternación en pacientes coronarios. Rev.Urug.Cardiol. [online]. 2011, vol.26, n.2, pp.108-114. ISSN 1688-0420.

Background: coronary heart disease patients have high risk of cardiovascular events, which may be reduced with healthy lifestyle and medication. This research aimed to know the risk control after discharge in patients hospitalized by coronary heart disease. Methods: a prospective and descriptive study which included all patients <75 years old hospitalized by coronary heart disease between 1/9/2008 to 30/4/2009 was performed. Plasma lipids were checked. They were contacted by telephone, at 4 and 12 months from discharge, exploring referral to specific programs, stress perception, depression, tobacco consumption, intake fruit and vegetables, physical activity, medication use, and its weight and height. Results: 98.1% of 154 patients (78.6% men, 61.6 ± 9.4 years) were followed. 30.5% was derived to physical rehabilitation, but only 18.8% had al least one session of the same. 91.7% of smokers was derived from a specific treatment for smoking cessation and, although only 45.5% attended this treatment, one year after 68% of them were in default. High prevalence of stress and depression were reported, and there was a significant increase in more severe degrees between four months and a year (11% to 30.5%, p<0.001 for stress, and 5.8% to 19.5%, p<0.001 for depression). Daily physical activity decreased significantly between both controls (50% versus 3.2%, p<0.001), daily vegetables consumption was around 50% and did not suffer variations. Use of secondary prevention drugs was very high, but near all of them had a significant decrease in the second control. Prevalence of overweight increased significantly at the year (78.8 versus 83.3%, p 0.03). LDL-cholesterol level <100 mg/dl in about 60% of cases and a level <70 mg/dl in a quarter was reached, without significant variation between the two controls. Conclusions: risk control after discharge hospitalized patients by coronary heart disease is not optimal and attitudes regarding care of patients worsened after a year, so it is necessary to improve adherence to change healthy lifestyle and long-term medication. High levels of stress and depression forced to devise new strategies to address them.

Palabras clave : RISK FACTORS; CORONARY HEART DISEASE; SECONDARY PREVENTION.

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