Abstract

BURDIAT RAMPA, GERARD. Seguridad y eficacia de un programa de rehabilitación cardíaca con pacientes de alto riesgo en un medio hospitalario. Rev.Urug.Cardiol. [online]. 2008, vol.23, n.2, pp.150-156. ISSN 1688-0420.

SUMMARY A revision of the results of 5 years of work with a program on cardiac rehabilitation (CR), controlled and supervised in a single hospitalary center, in patients with high-risk cardiovascular pathology was performed. We include 358 patients, whose average age was 66,4 ± 9,3 years and they were submitted to a plan of physical activity during 6 months (together with other measures of secondary prevention); only those who attended more than 75% of the sessions and completed the final evaluation of the program were considered in this analysis. Most of the patients included (87%) had an ischemic heart disease, with coronary bypass grafts or not, with left ventricular ejection fraction < 40%. An exercise test was made to all of them at the beginning and at the end of the program to evaluate changes in their functional capacity; during the sessions the electrocardiogram of all the patients was monitored with telemetry until the stabilization of their pathology (between 1 and 6 months) and they were clinically controlled. In 26.568 patients-hours of work of the 246 patients (68,7%) who attended more than 75% of the sessions very few complications or hard events were reported (one cardiorespiratory arrest by ventricular fibrillation, one acute myocardial infarction and two episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia); in the 139 patients (38,8%) who completed the final evaluation we observed a significant improvement (p=0,001) of the functional capacity evaluated by the intensity of the exercise they could perform or measurement of maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max.), which grew up from an intensity of 4,45 ± 1,65 to 6,1 ± 1,66 Mets (relative average increment of 37,1%). It is concluded that the CR is safe and efficient as a measure of secondary prevention in the improvement of cardiac patients and it should be an obligatory indication in every patient at the discharge from the hospital.

Keywords : REHABILITATION [Cardiac]; EXERCISE; SAFETY; EFFICACY; MAXIMAL OXYGEN UPTAKE.

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