Introduction:

no comparative analyses exist between COVID-19 and other respiratory infections regarding the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events. Our aim was to assess the risk of CV events in a national cohort of patients hospitalized due to respiratory COVID-19 or other respiratory infections.

Materials and methods:

we conducted a national retrospective study including patients admitted for COVID-19 or another respiratory infection between January 2020 and December 2021. The primary outcome was the composite of hospital readmission due to CV causes (CV readmission) or CV death within 90 days of the index admission. Secondary outcomes included the independent risk of CV death. A subdistribution hazard model was used to account for competing risks (non-CV death).

Results:

a total of 23,041 patients met the inclusion criteria (11,858 in the respiratory cohort and 11,183 in the COVID-19 cohort). Survival for the composite outcome (CV readmission or CV death) was significantly higher in the COVID-19 cohort (99%; 95% CI: 98%, 99%) compared to the respiratory cohort (95%; 95% CI: 95%, 96%; p < 0.001). Similarly, CV death-free survival was significantly higher in the COVID-19 cohort (99%; 95% CI: 99%, 99%) than in the respiratory cohort (97%; 95% CI: 96%, 97%; p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, and health insurance, the respiratory cohort was an independent predictor of CV death or CV readmission (HR=2.72; 95% CI: 2.28, 3.25; p<0.05). The respiratory cohort was also associated with a higher risk of CV death (HR=3.66; 95% CI: 2.87, 4.67; p<0.05).

Conclusions:

our data show that patients hospitalized with COVID-19 do not have a higher risk of CV events (CV readmission or CV death) compared to those hospitalized with other respiratory infections.

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